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Petroleum Geology
Petroleum Geophysics
Petroleum Engineering
Formation Evaluation
Multi-Disciplinary

Petroleum Geology

Introduction and Overview

Fundamentals of Petroleum Geology (t38098)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Petroleum Exploration Overview (s38099)
Basin Description and Classifications Requirements for Petroleum Accumulation Exploration of a Petroleum Basin Technical and Economic Risks in Exploration
Petroleum Generation and Maturation (s38197)
Petroleum Chemistry Crude Oil Classifications Kerogen Types Maturation Processes
Migration and Accumulation Processes (s38266)
Migration Processes Reservoir Porosity and Permeability Trapping Mechanisms Structural Traps Stratigraphic Traps

Subsurface Environment (t38405)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Water Origins and Chemistry (s38406)
Subsurface Water Origins Oxidation/Reduction Potential and pH Subsurface Water Salinity Subsurface Water Composition Fluid Behavior
Temperature and Thermal Gradient (s38424)
Thermal Gradients and Heat Flow Thermal Conductivities in Various Rock Types Regional Thermal Variations
Pressure Environments (s38469)
Components of Subsurface Pressure Downhole Pressures Potentiometric Surfaces Overpressured Environments Compaction Overpressuring Process Compaction Overpressuring in Deltas

Hydrocarbon Properties (t37993)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Gas Properties and Classifications (s37994)
Gas Properties and Classifications Overview Properties of Non-Hydrocarbon Gases Hydrocarbon Gases Gas Hydrates
Crude Oil Properties, Classifications, and Alterations (s38001)
Crude Oil Properties, Classifications, and Alterations Overview Physical Properties of Crude Oil Chemical Properties of Crude Oil Classification and Occurrences of Crude Oils Alteration of Crude Oil

Hydrocarbon Generation and Migration (t39285)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Generation and Maturation Processes (s39286)
Petroleum Source Material Organic Productivity Preservation and Organic Destruction Diagenesis of Organic Matter Kerogen Components Hydrocarbons and Kerogen Type Chemical Changes with Kerogen Maturation Depth, Temperature and Time Effects Paleothermometry Oil Shale
Migration Processes (s39287)
Introduction Primary Migration Secondary Migration

Reservoirs (t34)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Rock Properties (s1018)
Porosity Defined Primary Porosity Secondary Porosity Permeability Grain Size Grain Sorting Rock Fabric Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5 Exercise No. 6 Exercise No. 7
Diagenesis (s1019)
Sandstone Burial Sandstone Cementation Sandstone Secondary Porosity Sandstone Diagenetic Pathways Carbonate Rock Types Limestones Dolomites Atypical Reservoir Rocks Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4
Reservoir Continuity (s1020)
General Considerations Areal Continuity Cross-Sectional Continuity Case History: Handil Field, Indonesia Case History: Intisar Field, Libya Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3

Traps (t35)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Hydrocarbon Traps: Introduction (s1022)
Definitions and General Concepts Trap Classifications
Structural Traps (s1023)
Introduction Fold Traps (Compressional) Fold Traps (Compactional) Fold Traps: Comparison of Major Types Fault Traps Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5
Stratigraphic Traps (s1024)
Introduction Depositional Traps: Channels Depositional Traps: Bars Depositional Traps: Reefs Diagenetic Traps Unconformity-Related Traps Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Other Trap Types (s1025)
Hydrodymanic Traps Combination Traps Diapir-Associated Traps Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5

Habitat of Hydrocarbons in Sedimentary Basins (t36)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Sedimentary Basins: Overview (s1027)
Introduction Geometry of Sedimentary Basins Sediment Fill Tectonic Processes and Timing Basin-Forming Mechanisms Basin Classification Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Cratonic Basins (s1028)
Interior (Intracratonic) Basins Foreland (Craton Margin) Basins
Divergent Margin Basins (s1029)
Rift Basins Pull-Apart Basins
Convergent Margin Basins (s1030)
General Description Fore-Arc and Back-Arc Basins Non-Arc Basins Collision Basins Petroleum Features
Downwarp Basins and Tertiary Deltas (s1031)
Downwarp Basins Tertiary Deltas
Petroleum Characteristics by Basin Type (s1032)
Distribution of Petroleum-Rich Basins Distribution of Field Sizes Distribution of Petroleum Characteristics Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4

Basic Skills of the Petroleum Geologist

Geologic Cross-Sections (t37)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Cross-Section Elements (s1034)
Introduction Input Data Line of Section Scale Datum Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2 Exercise No.3 Exercise No.4
Cross-Sections in Two Dimensions (s1035)
Introduction Structural Cross-Sections Stratigraphic Cross-Sections Correlation and Geologic Interpretation Completing the Cross-Section Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4
Cross-Section Diagrams in Three-Dimensions (s1036)
Fence Diagrams Block Diagrams
Cross-Sections: Computer Methods (s4653)
Overview Exercise No. 1
Structural Restoration: Concepts and Timing (s36953)
Structural Restoration Introduction & Concepts Mechanical Stratigraphy Classical Balancing Techniques Balancing Compressional Structures Balancing Extensional Structures Related Structures Strike-Slip Faults References

Subsurface Mapping (t38)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Lateral Correlation of Logged Data (s1037)
Defining Surfaces Delimiting Units Contour Mapping Mechanical and Interpretive Contouring
Structural Contour Maps (s1038)
Introduction Adequacy of Contours for Depicting Structure Fault Detection Vertical Faults Normal/Oblique Normal Faults Reverse Faults Unconformities Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2 Exercise No.3
Isopach and Other Subsurface Maps (s1039)
Isopachs of Time-Rock Intervals Isopachs of Rock ( Lithologic ) Units Isolith Maps Compound Maps Subcrop Maps Miscellaneous Maps and Their Applications Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2 Exercise No.3
Paleo-Structure Maps (s36986)
Introduction Why make Paleo-Structure Maps The Migration of Fluids in the Subsurface This is Now, What was Then Conclusions References

Prospect Generation (t39)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Prospect Generation: Basic Concepts and Definitions (s1040)
Anomalies and Leads Prospects False Anomalies Prospective Regions or Trends Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2 Exercise No.3
Prospect Generation in Frontier Regions (s1041)
Introduction Data and Technical Requirements Case Study- Lower Cook Inlet, Alaska Hydrocarbon Potential and Risk Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2 Exercise No.3
Model Prospects (s1042)
Deltaic-Growth Fault Model ( Devillier Gas Field ) South Louisiana Model ( Turtle Prospect ) Mississippi Wilcox Model Muddy Sandstone Model Models of Exploration by Remote Sensing The Red Fork Channel Sandstone Model Reef Models Turbidite Models Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2 Exercise No.3 Exercise No.4

Reservoir Geology

Nonmarine Sandstone Reservoirs (t49)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Classification of Nonmarine Sandstones (s1050)
General Considerations Rules of Thumb and Their Limitations
Alluvial Fan Environments (s1051)
Introduction Depositional Processes and Lithologic Characteristics Paleontology Geometry Associated Facies Diagnostic Evidence
Braided Stream Environments (s1052)
Introduction Depositional Processes and Lithologic Characteristics Paleontology Geometry Associated Facies Diagnostic Evidence Basic Reservoir Characteristics Examples
Meandering Channel Alluvial Systems (s1053)
Introduction Depositional Processes and Lithologic Characteristics Paleontology Geometry Associated Facies Diagnostic Evidence Basic Reservoir Characteristics Examples
Eolian Environments (s1054)
Introduction Depositional Processes and Lithologic Characteristics Paleontology Geometry Associated Facies Diagnostic Evidence Reservoir Characteristics Examples
Lacustrine Environments (s1055)
Introduction General Characteristics Examples

Shelf Marine Sandstone Reservoirs (t51)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Introduction to Shelf Marine Sandstone Reservoirs (s1061)
Continental Shelf Sands Reservoir Aspects: Summary
Depositional Processes of Shelf Sands (s1062)
Tidal Currents Storm Currents Turbidity Currents Exercise No. 1
Shelf Sand Deposits (s1063)
Overview Sand Sheets Sand Ridges Exercise No. 1
Diagnosis and Detection of Shelf Sands (s1064)
General Considerations Paleontology Associated Facies Seismic Well Logs Cores Shelf Sands Distinguished from Shoreline Sands Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Petroleum Geology, Reservoir Characteristics (s1915)
Shelf Sands: General Observations Example: Hartzog Draw Field, Wyoming, USA

Marginal Marine Sandstone Reservoirs (t50)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Introduction to Marginal Marine Sandstone Reservoirs (s1057)
Depositional Influences General Classifications Principal Sedimentary Processes
Deltaic Environments (s1058)
Significance to Petroleum Exploration General Depositional Setting Delta Classifications Upper/Lower Delta Plain Subenvironments Subaqueous Subenvironment Transgressive Processes Braided Stream and Point Bar Deposits Distributary Channel Sand Deposits Crevasse Subdelta Deposits Distributary Mouth Bars River Mouth Tidal Ridge Deposits Barrier Island Sands Reservoir Characteristics Deltaic Vertical Sequence Example: Handil Field, Indonesia Depositional Processes, Effect on Structure Seismic Identification Fan Deltas Summary; General Characteristics Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5 Exercise No. 6 Exercise No. 7
Barrier Islands (s1060)
Introduction Relative Influence of Wave and Tidal Processes Distribution of Facies Morphology and Depositional Processes Beach to offshore Facies Regressive Vertical Sequences Associated Sand Facies Sand Plains and Chenier Deposits Stratigraphic Sequence Paleontology Morphology Reservoir Characteristics Identification of Barrier Island Deposits Field Example: Bell Creek Field, Montana Summary; General Characteristics Exercise No. 1

Deepwater Marine Sandstone Reservoirs (t2613)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Introduction to Deepwater Marine Sandstone Reservoirs (s2614)
Deep Sea Sands Reservoir Aspects: Summary
Sedimentation Processes (s2615)
Introduction Slumps and Slides Debris Flows Grain Flow Fluidized Flow Turbidity Currents Flow Relationships Exercise No. 1
Depositional Systems (s2616)
Submarine Fans: Overview Elongate Submarine Fans Radial Submarine Fans Radial Submarine Fan: Example Slope-Apron Systems Deep Sea Sedimentation Controls Lithofacies of Submarine Fans and Associated Systems Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Subsurface Diagnosis and Detection (s2617)
Paleontology Associated Facies Cores Well Logs Seismic
Sequence Stratigraphy (s2618)
Introduction Models Exercise No. 1
Petroleum Geology and Reservoir Characteristics (s2619)
Introduction Channel Reservoirs Submarine Fan Reservoirs

Porosity Evolution in Sandstone Reservoirs (t52)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Description of Sandstone Porosity (s1065)
Introduction Sandstone Porosity Classification Sandstone Pore Systems Capillary Pressure Characterization Controls on Primary Porosity Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Diagenesis (s1066)
Introduction Mechanical Compaction Chemical Compaction Relationship of Compactional Processes Authigenic Cementation Factors Influencing Porosity Reduction Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5
Secondary Porosity (s1067)
Introduction Description and Recognition Criteria Fracture Porosity Shrinkage Porosity Dissolution Porosity Diagenetic Processes Resulting in Secondary Porosity Factors Influencing Creation of Secondary Porosity Diagenetic Cycle of Sandstone Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Evaluation Tools and Techniques (s1068)
Describing Porosity Interpreting Porosity Evolution Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4
EandP Applications (s1069)
Porosity Prediction Diagenetic Traps Reservoir Aspects of Secondary Porosity Reservoir Aspects of Authigenic Clays Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3

Exploration in Carbonate Rocks (t53)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Introduction to Exploration in Carbonate Rocks (s1072)
Approach to Facies Analysis Economic Significance of Carbonate Reservoirs General Sedimentary Setting Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Carbonate Rocks Described (s1073)
Carbonate Grain Types Classification of Carbonate Rocks Principles of Carbonate Sedimentation Carbonate Ramp Model Carbonate Shelf Model Carbonate Shelf Model Through Time General Depositional Settings and Sedimentary Cycles Principle Depositional Models and Environments Carbonate Diagenesis Dolomitization Carbonate Porosity Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Analysis of Carbonate Rocks and Facies Distribution (s1074)
Overview of Petrophysical Properties Tools and Techniques Stratigraphic Framework Disconformities and Exposure Surfaces Seismic Stratigraphy Exercise No. 1
Nonmarine Carbonate Settings (s1075)
Introduction Lacustrine Environment Carbonate Dune Environment Caliche Cave Deposits Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Coastal Setting (s1076)
Introduction Carbonate Beach Depositional Model Tidal Flat and Sabkha Depositional Models Swamps in Carbonate Depositional Complexes Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Shelf Setting (s1077)
Introduction Restricted vs. Open Shelf Environments Muddy Shelf Sands Tidal Deltas Mudbanks Patch Reefs Shelf Sand Bodies Shelf Basins
Shelf-Margin Setting (s1078)
Introduction Reefs: Introduction Detection and Delineation of Shelf Margins Ecologic Reefs Seismic Indications Reef Reservoir (Example) Shelf-Margin Sand Bodies Other Shelf-Marginal Depositional Models Ancient Carbonate Reef Margins: Examples Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Foreslope Setting (s1079)
Introduction Depositional vs. Bypass Foreslopes Modern Examples of Foreslopes Depositional Models in Foreslope Settings Ancient Examples of Foreslopes Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Basinal Setting (s1080)
Introduction Modern Basinal Carbonate Sediments Main Depositional Models and Facies Types Ancient Basinal Carbonates Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2

Porosity Evolution in Carbonate Rocks (t54)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Introduction to Porosity Evolution in Carbonate Rocks (s1082)
General Considerations Porosity (Fabric Selective) Porosity (Non-Fabric Selective) Breccia Porosity Capillary Pressure Curves Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Diagenesis and Porosity Evolution (s1083)
General Considerations Marine Diagenesis Subaerial Diagenesis: Overview Subaerial Diagenesis in Older Carbonate Rocks Subaerial Diagenesis in Young Carbonate Sediments Burial Diagenesis Dolomitization: General Considerations Dolomite Properties and Chemistry Dolomite Porosity and Permeability Dolomitization Models: Overview Reflux Dolomitization Model Tidal Flat Dolomitization Model Mixed Waters Dolomitization Model Burial Compaction Dolomitization Model Fracturing Exercise No. 1
Evaluation of Porosity and Diagenetic History (s1084)
General Considerations Rock Studies Wireline Logs Petrography Geochemistry Exercise No. 1
Porosity Evolution and Petroleum Exploration (s1085)
General Considerations Beach/Dune Complex (Example) Tidal Flat/Sabkha Facies (Example) Carbonate Buildups (Example) Pinnacle Reef Environments (Example) Basinal Carbonates (Example) Fracture Production (Example)
Porosity Evolution and Field Development (s1086)
General Considerations Microporosity Moldic and Vuggy Porosity Permeability Barriers Waste Zones

Evaporites and their Role in Petroleum Exploration (t55)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Introduction to Evaporites and their Role in Petroleum Exploration (s1088)
Evaporites Described Economic Significance of Evaporite Settings History of Evaporite Research Evaporite Mineralogy Diagenesis Diagenesis: Gypsum/Anhydrite Conversion Analysis from Wireline Logs and Seismic Lines Using Seismic Lines Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Sabkha Depositional Facies and Reservoirs (s1089)
Overview Modern Sabkhas: Arabian (Persian) Gulf Depositional Facies Sabkha Signature Sabkha-Based Reservoir Models Ancient Sabkha-Associated Reservoirs
Subaqueous Evaporites (s1090)
Overview Modern Marine Subaqueous Evaporites Ancient Subaqueous Evaporites and Reservoirs Models of Subaqueous vs. Subaerial Deposition Basin-Wide Evaporites and the Anomaly of Deepwater Evaporites
Ancient Depositional Models (s1091)
Overview Platform Evaporites Basin-Wide Evaporites Summary Exercise No. 1
Salt Structures, Sediments and Hydrocarbons (s1092)
Overview Salt Movement Growth of Salt Structures Modern Salt Structures Models of Reservoir Occurrence Salt Structure Reservoirs Salt Structure and Reservoirs in Tectonically Active Provinces Reservoirs Associated with Salt Solution Exercise No. 1
Evaporite/Dolomite/Hydrocarbon Association (s1093)
Dolomite Reservoirs Associated with Evaporites Sabkha Dolomite Model Reflux Dolomite Model Burial Dolomite Model Indicators of Dolomite Origins Timing of Dolomitization Evaporites as Seals Evaporitic Sediments as Source Rocks

Basic Geostatistics (t23340)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Introduction to Basic Geostatistics (s23341)
Background
Classical Statistical Concepts (s23343)
Introduction Populations and Samples Trials Events and Probability Random Variables and Their Probability Distributions Univariate Data Analysis Bivariate Statistical Measures and Displays
Data Posting and Validation (s23350)
Exploratory Data Analysis Search Neighborhood Criteria Spatial Description Grids and Gridding Traditional Interpolation Methods Map Display Types Moving Window Statistics
Regionalized Variables (s23358)
Introduction Spatial Continuity Analysis Spatial Cross-correlation Analysis Stationarity in Regionalized Variables Model Variograms
Kriging (s23364)
Kriging Overview Cross-validation
Data Integration (s23367)
Cokriging External Drift Kriging Measurement Errors
Conditional Simulation (s23371)
Conditional Simulation and Uncertainty Estimation
Public Domain Geostatistics Programs (s23373)
Overview
Selected Readings (s23377)
Books and Articles Additional Reading
Geostatistics Glossary (s23379)
Terminology

Sedimentology and Stratigraphy

Subsurface Facies Analysis (t48)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Sedimentary Environments and Facies (s1043)
Environments and Depositional Systems Lithofacies Depositional Sequences Environmental Indicators Exercise No. 1
Lithology (s1044)
Lithological Analysis Grain Size of Terrigenous Sediments Chemistry of Terrigenous Sediments Mineralogy of Terrigenous Sediments Exercise No. 1
Sedimentary Structures, Geometry and Facies (s2611)
Sedimentary Structures Geometry Associated Facies Exercise No. 1
Microfossils as Paleoenviromental Indicators (s2612)
Use of Microfossils Foraminifera Ostracods Other Common Microfossils Trace Fossils
Sources of Information (s1045)
General Considerations Cores and Cuttings Wireline Logs Seismic Data Exercise No.1 Exercise No. 2
Sandstone Reservoir Facies (s1046)
Alluvial Fans Braided Streams Meandering Stream Channels Eolian Dunes Lacustrine Deposits Deltas Fan Deltas Coastal Barrier Islands Continental Shelf Sands Deep Sea Sands Case Study: Marchand C Sandstone, Oklahoma Exercise No. 1
Carbonate Reservoir Facies (s1047)
General Considerations Lithologic Parameters Carbonate Rock Classifications Dolomite Analytical Methods and Procedures Carbonate Shelf Model Overview Coastal Setting Shelf Setting Shelf Margin Setting Foreslope Setting Basinal Setting Case Study: San Andres Formation, Texas Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4

Classic Sequence Stratigraphy (t56)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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General Concepts (s1095)
Introduction Definitions Sequence Stratigraphy Stratigraphy Seismic Stratigraphy Seismic Sequence Stratigraphy Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Cyclostratigraphy (s1096)
Introduction Types of Cycles Duration of Stratigraphic Cycles Events Amplitudes and Scales Causes of Cycles Climactic Effects Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
The Making of a Stratigraphic Sequence (s1097)
Interglacial Warm Period: Sea Level Highstand (HST) Global Cooling Period: Falling Sea Level (SMST) Glacial Maxima: Sea Level Lowstand (LST) Global Warming Period: Rising Sea Level (TST) Summary Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Sequence Stratigraphy (s1098)
Relative Sea Level Components and Accommodation Space Depositional Geometries of Stratigraphic Sequences Carbonate Model Clastic Model: Overview Clastic Model: Sequence Boundaries Clastic Model: Lowstand Systems Tract (LST) Clastic Model: Transgressive Systems Tract (TST) Clastic Model: Highstand Systems Tract (HST) Clastic Model: Shelf Margin Systems Tract (SMST) Clastic Model: Maximum Flooding Surface (mfs) Chronostratigraphy and Lithostratigraphy Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4
Interpretation of Stratigraphic Sequences (s1099)
Integrated Interpretation Procedures Seismic Profiles Seismic Profiles (Example) Well Logs and Cores High-Resolution Biostratigraphy Sea-Level Cycle Charts Prediction of Lithofacies and Depositional Environments Reservoir Exploitation and Production Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Conclusions and Current Controversies (s1100)
The Sequence Stratigraphic Model Nomenclature Sea Level Curves and Global Eustasy The Question of Data Bases

Stratigraphic Disciplines and Sequence Stratigraphy (t37151)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Introduction to Stratigraphic Disciplines and Sequence Stratigraphy (s37152)
Stratigraphy and Stratigraphic Disciplines Stratigraphic Surfaces and Time Material-based Stratigraphic vs. Chronostratigraphy Sequence Stratigraphy as a Stratigraphic Discipline Theoretical Foundations for Stratigraphic Surfaces
Historical Development of Sequence Stratigraphic Concepts and Methods (s37158)
Outcrop studies, pre-1977 Exxon Sequence Stratigraphic Model Genetic Stratigraphic Sequence Time-based Sequence Model Transgressive-Regressive “T-R” Sequence Another Time-based Depositional Sequence Boundary Summary References
Material-based Surfaces of Sequence Stratigraphy (s37167)
Introduction to Material-based Surfaces Subareial Unconformity Regressive Surface of Marine Erosion (RSME) Shoreline Ravinement (SR) Maximum Regressive Surface (MRS) Maximum Flooding Surface (MFS) Slope Onlap Surface (SOS) Sequence Stratigraphic Surface vs. Lithostratigraphic Surface References
Base Level Change Model for the Generation of Sequence Stratigraphic Surfaces (s37176)
Base Level Change Introduction Model Variance References
Time-Based Surfaces of Sequence Stratigraphy (s37247)
Time Based Surfaces Introduction Chronostratigraphic Surfaces Old Surfaces / New Definitions Conceptual Surfaces BSFR and CC
Units of Sequence Stratigraphy - Sequences (s37252)
Genetic Stratigraphic Sequence Introduction to the Depositional Stratigraphic Sequence Determining the Validity of a Proposed Depositional Sequence Boundary Exxon Material-based Depositional Sequence Boundaries Valid, Material-based, Depositional Sequence Boundaries Time-based Depositional Sequence Boundaries Employing the Basal Surface of Forced Regression Summary
Units of Sequence Stratigraphy - Systems Tracts (s37261)
Systems Tracts Introduction Material-based Approach with Three Systems Tracts Material-based Approach with Two Systems Tracts Time-based Approach for Systems Tracts Time-based Approach with Four Systems Tracts Time-based Approach with Three Systems Tracts Summary of the Various Classification Schemes for Systems Tracts
Units of Sequence Stratigraphy - Parasequences (s37268)
Parasequences Introduction Parasequence as a Lithostratigraphic Unit Parasequence versus Sequence Summary
Sequence Boundary Hierarchy (s37273)
Sequence Boundary Introduction Theoretical Hierarchy Why a Theoretical Hierarchy is not Practical Empirical Hierarchy Assessing Sequence Boundary Magnitude First and Second Order Boundaries 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th Order Boundaries Greenhouse Boundaries versus Icehouse Boundaries Establishing a Hierarchy for a Basin Summary Sequence Boundary Hierarchy
Base Level Drivers (s37284)
Introduction Drivers of Base Level Change Eustatic Sea Level Change as a Base Level Driver Recognizing Eustatically - Generated Sequence Boundaries Tectonics as a Base Level Driver Extent of Tectonically - Generated Sequence Boundaries Base Level Drivers Summary
Correlation with Sequence Stratigraphy (s37292)
Introduction Sequence Stratigraphic Surfaces Useful for Correlation Correlating Interbedded Nonmarine and Shallow Marine Strata Correlation in Fluvial Strata Correlating Deep Marine Siliciclastics Correlating Carbonate Strata Summary
Sequence Stratigraphy - Facies Analysis Applied to Petroleum Geology (s37300)
Facies Analysis Introduction Sequence Analysis and Facies Prediction Concluding Remarks

Micropaleontology For Petroleum Exploration (t36879)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Overview (s36882)
Introduction Reasons for employing biostratigraphy and paleoenvironment What is covered in this course and what is not
Modern Paleontology (s36883)
Introduction Why use micropaleontology Biostratigraphy, zonation, resolution Concepts, definitions, application, limitations Factors affecting the quality of the biostratigraphic record Biostratigraphic correlation Caution in utilizing biostratigraphic correleation by itself
Petroleum and microfossils (s36884)
Introduction Some oceanography Continental Margins Microfossiles in paleoenvironmental studies Paleobathymetry (depth zonation)
Biofacies (s36885)
Biofacies Analysis Causes of difficulty (Pitfalls in biostratigraphic and biofacies analysis Microfossils through geologic time Habit of Petroleum Deep-Sea Drilling and its contribution to Marine Geology and Micropaleontology

Chronostratigraphy and Microfossils (t36880)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Microfossil Datasheets (s36886)
Introduction Microfossils through geologic time Microfossil Nomenclature
Microfossil Collection and Preparation Techniques (s36887)
Samples, Cuttings and Cores Microfossil Preparation Techniques Microfossils Requiring Extractive Techniques Sources of Contamination
Chronostratigraphy and Geochronology (s36888)
Introduction Chronostratigraphic sections and international consensus Emergence of the Absolute Time Scale A new time scale
Chronostratigraphy (s36889)
Introduction to Isotope Isotopes Conventions Oxygen Isotope Basics Carbon Isotope Stratigraphy Strontium Isotopes

Chemostratigraphy (t37415)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Analytical techniques for Chemical Properties of Strata (s37416)
Introduction Applications of Chemostratigraphy
Chemostratigraphic Correlation Frameworks (s37419)
Introduction to Chemostratigraphic Correlation Frameworks Chemostratigraphic Correlation
Characterization of Sedimentary Sequences (s37422)
Characterization of Sedimentary Sequences Introduction Organic-rich Turbidites Volcanic Turbidites Calcareous Turbidites References

Ongoing Development in Biostratigraphy (t36881)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Sequence Biostratigraphy (s36890)
Introduction Unconformities Sequences High resolution sequence stratigraphy Graphic Correlation
Thermal Alteration Microfossiles (s36891)
Introduction Integrated Stratigraphic Analysis
Consultants Reports (s36892)
Selecting a Consultant

Magnetostratigraphy (t37005)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Fundamentals of Magnetostratigraphy (s37006)
Introduction Historical Background Theoretical Magnetic Mineralogy Magnetic Minerals Other Ferromagnetic Minerals
Magnetic Domains (s37013)
Magnetization of Fine-grained Particles in Rocks The Origin of Remanent Magnetization in Rocks Remanent Magnetization
Field Methods (s37017)
Introduction to Field Methods Analytical Equipment Depositional Environments General Age of the Strata Sampling Procedures Sampling Theory Sampling in the Field Hand sampling Sampling with a Pomeroy Drill Sampling for Age Calibration
Types of Analytical Equipment (s37028)
Field Free Space Cryogenic Magnetometer Spinner magnetometer Laboratory Techniques Alternating Field Demagnetization Equipment Thermal Demagnetization Thermal Demagnetization Furnaces Chemical Demagnetization Determining the Demagnetization Techniques to be Used on a Suite of Samples Graphical Techniques for Displaying Results Identification of the Primary and Secondary Components of Remanence Precision of the Data Field Tests for Accuracy of the Paleomagnetic Data Developing a Local Paleomagnetic Polarity Reversal Scale Tectonic Interpretation of Basin Subsidence History Downhole techniques Applications in the Petroleum Industry References Cited

Geochronological Dating Techniques (t37181)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Isotopic Dating Techniques (s37182)
Isotopic Dating Introduction K-Ar Dating U-Pb and Th-Pb Dating References
Fission Track Dating (s37187)
Fission-Track Dating Introduction Theory behind the Dating Technique Criteria Essential for Apatite FTD Application Sample Collection Field Methods Laboratory Sample Preparation Choosing the Grains Dating the Sample: The External Detector Method References

Structure, Tectonics and Rock Deformation

Petroleum Geomechanics (t38537)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Fundamental Concepts of Geomechanics (s38538)
Overview of Geomechanics Concepts Stress Mohr's Circle Strain Linear Elasticity Anisotropy
Rock Deformation (s38547)
Rock Deformation Introduction Elastic-Plastic Processes Brittle Processes Ductile Processes Time-Dependent Processes
Rock Mechanical Properties (s38614)
Introduction to Rock Mechanical Properties Laboratory Testing of Static and Elastic Properties Laboratory Testing of Rock Strength Geophysical Methods for Measuring Elastic Properties Geophysical Methods for Estimating Rock Strength
Earth Stress (s38635)
Introduction to Earth Stress Determining the Contemporary State of Stress Borehole Measurements Observations on Stress in Sedimentary Rocks Modeling Horizontal Stress
Mechanical Earth Model (s38657)
Introduction Sources of Data The Mechanical Earth Model (MEM) MEM Workflow
Applications of Geomechanics (s38686)
Introduction to Geomechanical Applications Completion Applications: Sanding Completion Applications - Hydraulic Fracturing Completion Applications: Fracturing Horizontal Wells Reservoir Geomechanics

Structural Geology (t37865)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Examples of Recent Plate Tectonic Movement (s37866)
Plate Tectonic Movement Overview Transform Fault Systems Subduction Zones Fold and Thrust Belts Rifting Systems
Stress and Strain (s37893)
Stress and Strain Overview Stress Deformation and Strain Strain Ellipsoid Rock Strength Mechanical Properties Logs as an Estimate of Formation Strength
Folds (s37874)
Introduction to Folds Description of Folds Basic Fold Geometry and Orientation Fold Mechanisms and the Distribution of Strain Minor Structures Associated with Folding Pressure Solution and Stylolitization
Faults (s37883)
Faults Overview Dip Slip and Strike Slip Faults Fault and Fault Zone Material: Sealing and Communication Aspects Structures Associated with Faults Principle Stress Directions in the Development of Faulting and Fracturing Thrust Faults, Tear Faults, and Transform Faults Recognizing Faults in Well Logs
Joints and Fractures (s37902)
Joints and Fractures Overview Influence of Lithology and Bed Thickness Basic Techniques for Determining Fracture Orientation Fault Associated Fractures Fold Associated Fractures Wellbore Breakouts and In Situ Stress
Unconformities and Structures of Non-Tectonic Origin (s37911)
Importance of Unconformities Recognizing Unconformities Structures of Non-tectonic Origin
Structural Styles: Tectonic (s37961)
Tectonic Structural Styles Overview Classification of Extensional, Compressional, and Strike-Slip Styles Extensional Styles: Basement Involved Extensional Styles: Basement Not Involved Compressional Styles: Basement Involved Compressional Styles: Basement Not Involved Strike-Slip Tectonics: Wrench Faults
Structural Styles: Non-Tectonic and Intracratonic (s37971)
Introduction to Non-Tectonic and Intracratonic Structural Styles Differential Loading: Salt Tectonics Differential Loading: Shale Structures Differential Loading: Gravity Structures Intracratonic (Vertical) Tectonics: Basement Warps
Process Modeling of Structural Geology (s37981)
Purpose of Modeling Restoration Techniques Laboratory Experiments and Analogue Modeling Numerical Modeling Process Modeling and Compressional Structural Styles Process Modeling and Extensional Structural Styles Process Modeling and Strike-Slip Structural Styles

Plate Tectonics and Sedimentary Basins (t38315)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Introduction to Plate Tectonics and Sedimentary Basins (s38316)
Introduction to Plate Tectonics and Petroleum Geology Basic Concepts of Plate Tectonics Plate Tectonic Model Introduction Divergent Plate Boundaries Convergent Plate Boundaries Transform Plate Boundaries
Plate Tectonics (s38333)
Evidence for Plate Tectonics Plate Motion Paleogeographic Reconstructions The Cyclicity of Plate Tectonics: The Wilson Cycle Plate Tectonics and Hydrocarbon Exploration
Sedimentary Basins (s38354)
Geological Characteristics Basin Analysis and Petroleum Systems Mechanisms of Basin Formation Stratigraphy and Depositional Patterns Basin Classification and Hydrocarbons

Divergent Margins and Rift Basins (t59)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Sedimentary Basins and Continental Margins (s1116)
Introduction Divergent Margins Transtensional Margins Convergent Margins Rift Basins Sag Basins
Petroleum Habitat (s1117)
Introduction Source Beds, Traps and Reservoirs Thermal Maturation Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Rifting and Basin Development (s1118)
Introduction Geophysical Expressions Rift Development Theories Mechanics of Rifting Tectonics and Divergent Margin and Rift Basin Development Subsidence in Convergent Margin and Rift Basin Sedimentary Processes: Overview Sedimentary Processes During Rifting and Extension Development of Passive Margin Sequences Sedimentary Patterns: Influencing Factors Classification of Divergent Margin and Rift Basins
Structural Styles and Trapping Mechanisms (s1909)
Introduction Normal and Transfer Faulting Subsidence-Related Structures Salt Structures
Nonmarine Basins in the Continental Interior (s1119)
Eastern China Rhein Graben Sudan East Africa Rio Grande Rift Dead Sea Rift Yemen Benue Rift
Marine Basins in the Continental Interior (s1120)
North Sea Region West Siberian Basin Sirte Basin Gulf of Suez Michigan Basin (and Similar Basins)
Proto-Oceanic Basins (s1121)
Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden
Subsided Divergent Margins (s1122)
Niger Delta Basin Ivory Coast North Atlantic South Atlantic Australia India Gulf of Mexico
Exploration Considerations (s1910)
General Guidelines

Convergent Margin Basins (t60)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Convergent Margins (s1123)
Introduction Placement in the Plate Tectonic System General Characteristics Significance in Petroleum Geology Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Basin Classification and Development (s1124)
General Considerations Crustal Layering B-Type (Benioff, or Sumatra-Type) Basins A-Type (Alpine, or Mediterranean-Type) Basins Andean-Type Basins
Basin Development (s1127)
Process Description Trenches Accretionary Wedges Forearc Basins Backarc Basins Variations in Subduction Zones Heat Variations vs. Faulting Basin Development on Cratons and Divergent Margins Basin Development Models Exercise No. 1
Foreland Basins and Associated Structures (s1128)
Introduction Quantitative Modeling of Basin Dynamics Development Models: Appalachian Basin Fault Bend, Fault Propagation and Detachment Folds Duplexes and Imbricate Thrust Systems Piggy-Back Basins Other Structural Features
Petroleum Habitat (s1125)
Sedimentation and Structure Petroleum Generation Petroleum Migration Petroleum Entrapment
Convergent Tectonic Regimes (s1126)
Sumatra/Java Japan Alaska: Cook Inlet Basin California Arkoma Basin, South-Central U.S. Makran Coast, Iran/Pakistan Carpathian Arc Central and Southern Alps and Apennies Caribbean Subduction Complex Papua-New Guinea Zagros Trend Andean Belt
Exploration Considerations (s1129)
General Approach

Geochemistry

Introduction to Petroleum Chemistry (t61)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Petroleum (s1130)
Organic Orgin Properties and Composition Principal Subdivisions Application of Data Geochemical Base API Gravity
Hydrocarbon Groups (s1131)
Saturated Hydrocarbons (Alkanes) Normal Alkanes Branched Alkanes Cycloalkanes Unsaturated Hydrocarbons (Arenes) Applications of Saturated Hydrocarbon Data Applications of Unsaturated Hydrocarbon Data Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Resins (s1134)
General Description Heteroatom Designations Heterocompound Designations Applications of Resin Data
Asphaltenes (s1135)
General Description Designations Applications of Asphaltene Data
Organic Matter: Progenitor of Petroleum (s1137)
Introduction Carbon Cycle Biological Processes Preservation Processes Composition of Organic Matter Exercise No. 1
Organic Matter Maturation (s1138)
Introduction Diagenesis Kerogen Classification Products of Diagenesis Catagenesis and Metagenesis Process Overview Exercise No. 1
Geochemical Evaluation Overview (s1139)
Introduction Source Rock Studies Correlation Studies
Source Potential (Inherent) (s1140)
Introduction Kerogen Richness Kerogen Proneness
Source Potential (Realized): Kerogen Evaluation (s5193)
Introduction Thermal Alteration Index Conodont Alteration Index Vitrinite Reflectance Fluorescence Pyrolysis
Source Potential (Realized): Bitumen/ Petroleum Evaluation (s5194)
Introduction Gaseous Hydrocarbons Liquid Hydrocarbons Maturation Characteristics
Correlation Studies (s5195)
Specific Discriminating Properties Broad Data Assemblages

Applications of Petroleum Geochemistry (t62)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Geochemical Prospecting (s36941)
Introduction to Geochemical Prospecting Concepts of Geochemical Prospecting Adsorbed Gas Survey in Integrated Exploration Interpretation of Geochemical Prospecting Advantages of Geochemical Prospecting Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5
Geochemical Analyses: Kerogen (s1142)
Organic Carbon Content Maceral Separation Chemical Composition: General Considerations Chemical Composition: Elemental Analysis Chemical Composition: Pyrolysis Special Analyses
Geochemical Analyses: Bitumen/ Petroleum (s1143)
Extraction Techniques Separation Techniques: Asphaltene Precipitation Separation Techniques: Chromotography Separation Techniques: Mass Spectrometry Special Analyses
Geochemical Analyses: Analytical Procedures (s1144)
Organic Carbon Determination Kerogen Separation Kerogen Typing Kerogen Reflectance Elemental Determination Pyrolysis Analysis Pyrolysate Characterization Sample Degassing Micronization Extraction Solvent Extraction Asphaltene Precipitation Liquid Chromotography Gas Chromotography
Geochemical Analyses: Sample Types (s1145)
General Guidelines Outcrop Samples Cuttings Samples Core Samples Petroleum Samples Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4
Geochemical Analyses: Sampling Procedures (s1146)
Outcrop Specimens Dried Cuttings Canned Cuttings Stored Core Gas Emanations Crude Oil Pressurized Gas
Geochemical Programs in Petroleum Exploration (s1147)
Introduction Program Feasibility General Program Sequence Screening Analytical Phase Detailed Analytical Phase Final Interpretation Phase Scheduling and Costs
Geochemistry and Basin Evaluation (s4662)
Introduction Analytical Basin Studies Thermal History Basin Studies Mathematical Basin Studies Exercise No. 1
Geochemical Problem Solving (s4663)
Biomarker Applications and Molecular Configurations Biomarker Interpretation Migration Effects Biodegradation and Alteration of Crude Oil Less Common Source Rocks Geochemical Prospecting Concepts Interpretation Advantages Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2

Petroleum Technology for the Non-Engineer

Drilling and Well Completion (t40)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Drilling Fundamentals (s1148)
Historical Background Surface Drilling Environments Subsurface Drilling Environments Exercise No.1
Rotary Drilling Rig Components (s1149)
Basic Rig Types Basic Rig Functions Hoisting and Rotating Systems Circulating System Well Control System Power Generation/Transmission System Exercise No.1
Drillstring, Drill Bits and Drilling Fluid (s1150)
Drillstring Drill Bits Drilling Fluids Exercise No.1
Drilling Operations (s1151)
Planning and Site Preparation Operations Management Drilling Procedure Drilling Problems Well Control Well Evaluation Offshore Drilling Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Well Completion Technology (s1152)
Basic Completion Methods Completion Procedures Perforation of Cased-Hole Completions Stimulation Sand Control Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Case Histories, Drilling and Completion Programs (s1153)
Permian Basin, West Texas Prudhoe Bay, Alaska Ekofisk Field, Norwegian North Sea Ghawar Field, Saudi Arabia

Production Technology (t41)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Well Completions (s1156)
Casing and Tubing Downhole Configurations Subsurface Completion Equipment Wellhead and Surface Flow Control Equipment Exercise No. 1
Surface Production Facilities (s1157)
Separation Oil Treatment Oil Metering Gas Treatment and Compression Gas Metering Water Treatment and Disposal Offshore Considerations Field Examples of Production Systems Worldwide Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Production System Performance (s1158)
System Components Inflow Performance Vertical Lift Performance Surface Flow Performance Total System Pressure Loss Gas Well Performance Production System Design Example Exercise No. 1
Artificial Lift (s1159)
Introduction Gas Lift Subsurface Pumping Examples of Artificial Lift Applications Exercise No. 1

Reservoir Management (t993)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Rock and Fluid Properties (s1161)
Porosity Permeability Fluid Phase Behavior Fluid Density, Viscosity and Compressibility Wettability and Capillary Pressure Exercise No. 1
Natural Drive Mechanisms in Petroleum Reservoirs (s1162)
Natural Drive Mechanisms Solution Gas Drive Gas Cap Drive Water Drive Gravity Drainage Gas and Gas Condensate Reservoirs Material Balance Relationships
Improved Oil Recovery (s1163)
Introduction Waterflooding and Recovery Efficiency Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Chemical EOR Processes Thermal EOR Processes Miscible EOR Processes Exercise No. 1
Reservoir Simulation (s1164)
Basis for Reservoir Modeling

Geosteering: Fundamentals, Planning, and Implementation (t36018)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Directional Drilling: The Driving Force in Geosteering (s36019)
Geosteering Overview Directional Drilling Candidates Directional Drilling Hardware: The Bottom Hole Assembly Controlling Trajectory of Directional Wells Directional Drilling Sections Directional Drilling Terminology
Drilling Measurements and Logging Tools (s36026)
Drilling Measurements and Sampling Logging While Drilling Tools
Preparing the Geosteering Plan (s36029)
Know the Target Reservoir The Optimal Geosteering Plan Uncertainty Planning Handling Unexpected Changes in Geology
Geosteering Practices (s36034)
Four Keys to Geosteering Success Geosteering Interpretation Techniques Communication of Target Changes at the Wellsite Common Geosteering Mistakes and How to Avoid them
Best Practices (s36056)
Geosteering Best Practices

Basin and Play Analysis

Basin Analysis (t64)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Basin Analysis and Petroleum Analysis (s1173)
Introduction
Basin Formation Processes (s1174)
Introduction Rheology Layered Earth Structure Mechanical and Thermal Loads Load Response: Airy Isostasy Compensation Model Load Response: Flexural Compensation Model Measuring Compensation, Loads and Deflections Rheology and Subsidence Histories Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Geodynamic Models (s1175)
Introduction Kinematic Cooling Models Overview McKenzie Stretching Model McKenzie Model Derivatives Other Cooling Models Cooling Model Examples Tectonostratigraphic Coupling Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Source Rocks (s1176)
Formation and Preservation of Organic Matter Diagenesis of Organic Matter Hydrocarbons and Kerogen Types Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Maturation Processes (s1177)
Kerogen Maturation Depth, Temperature and Time Effects Paleothermometry Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Sedimentary Basin Models (s1178)
Quantitative Dynamic Stratigraphy Forward and Inverse Models Characteristics and Limitations Geodynamic Models Sedimentation Models Stratigraphic Models Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Prospect Generation (s1179)
Frontier vs. Mature Basins Impact of Information Impact of Stratigraphic Models Exercise No. 1
Basin Histories and Properties (s1180)
Time and Events in Basin History Walther's Law of Facies Successions Geohistory, Backstrip Analyses Geohistory, Backstrip Diagram Corrections Alternative Decompaction Approaches Exercise No. 1
Mathematical Basin Analysis Models (s1181)
Introduction Backstripping Models Geodynamic and Thermal Models Model Calibration Maturation Modeling Migration Modeling Thermodynamic Modeling Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Stratigraphic Basin Analysis Models (s1182)
Introduction Sequence Stratigraphic Models Seismic Facies Analysis

Play Analysis (t65)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Play Analysis Introduction (s1183)
Definitions and Objectives
Play Elements (s1184)
Play Elements Overview Source Maturation Reservoir Migration Seal and Trap Unconventional Plays Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5 Exercise No. 6 Exercise No. 7
Play Controls (s1185)
Introduction Basin Classifications Structural Styles Depositional Systems: Overview Clastic Depositional Systems Carbonate Depositional Systems Evaporite Depositional Systems Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5
Play Analysis Methods (s1186)
Introduction Sources of Information Play Summary Development Play Summary Presentation Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Risk Analysis (s1187)
Overview Conventional Play Example Unconventional Play Example
Play Analysis Case Histories (s5204)
Sudan Rift Basin Lower Indus Basin Marib Basin, Yemen Eolian Stratigraphic Traps, San Juan Basin, USA Deep Basin Gas Trap, Western Canada Coalbed Methane, San Juan Basin, New Mexico Shale Gas: Barnett Shale, Texas

Surface Tools and Methods

Photogeology and Remote Sensing (t63)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Remote Sensing Fundamentals (s1166)
Introduction Electromagnetic Energy and Electromagnetic Spectrum Interaction Mechanisms Image Characteristics Types of Remote Sensing Systems
Aerial Photographs from Aircraft and Satellites (s1167)
Introduction Characteristics Photomosaics Stereo Pairs and Photogeology Interpretation Example: Wyoming, USA Low Sun-Angle Photographs Normal and IR Color Photographs High-Altitude Photographs and Photographs from Space
Landsat Satellite Images (s1168)
Introduction Satellite Orbit Patterns Image Index System Landsat Satellites Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Operational Land Imager (OLI) Landsat TM Image Geologic Interpretation Example: Wyoming, USA Landsat TM Image Geologic Interpretation Example: Irian Jaya, Indonesia Image Processing Additional Examples of Landsat Geologic Interpretation Projects
Other Earth Resource Satellite Images: SPOT, JERS-1, IRS, and RESURS (Resource) (s1169)
Introduction SPOT Satellite (France) SPOT Image Geologic Interpretation Example: Algeria SPOT Stereo Images SPOT Stereo Pair Geologic Interpretation Example: Wyoming, USA Comparison of SPOT and Landsat Images JERS-1 Satellite (Japan) IRS Satellites (India) RESURS (Resource) Satellites (Russia)
Thermal Infrared Images (s1170)
Introduction Thermal Properties and Processes Thermal IR Image Geologic Interpretation Examples Landsat Thermal IR Images Other Thermal IR Systems
Radar Images (s1171)
Introduction Aircraft Radar Systems Stereo Pair Radar Images Radar Image Characteristics: Look direction Radar Image Characteristics: Highlights and Shadows Radar Image Characteristics: Image Foreshortening (Layover) Radar Image Characteristics: Dielectric Properties and Backscatter Coefficient Radar Image Characteristics: Surface Roughness Radar Image Characteristics: Polarization and Interferometry Satellite and Spacecraft Radar Systems Radar Interaction in Forested and Vegetated Terrain Radar Geologic Interpretation Example of Tropical Terrain: Irian Jaya, Indonesia Radar Geologic Interpretation Example of Desert Terrain: Eastern Sahara, Sudan
Remote Sensing Applied To Petroleum Geology (s37600)
Introduction Swamp Terrain in Equatorial Africa Exploration Project Papua New Guinea Exploration Project Central Arabian Arch Exploration Project Summary

Geographical Information Systems (t36166)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Introduction to Geographical Information Systems (s36168)
Preface Introduction Content Outline
GIS Design and Systems (s36172)
Principles of GIS Design Types of Data Typical GIS Systems and Structures
Geodetic Frameworks (s36176)
Background Datums Ellipsoids Projections Height Datum Line Definitions
General and Background GIS Data (s36183)
Overview Raster and Vector Data Digital Elevation Models Historical Data
Exploration and Production GIS Data (s36188)
Exploration Phase Production Phase Attributes and Associated Data

Petroleum Geophysics

Introductory Topics and Seismic Signals

Fundamentals of Exploration Geophysics (t37759)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Petroleum Geophysics Overview (s37760)
History of Geophysics The Evolution of the Geophysicist The Evolution of Seismic Technology Finding Hydrocarbon Accumulations
Seismic Methods (s37775)
Introduction to Seismology Seismic Wave Types

Signal Theory (t38060)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Signal Theory Introduction (s38061)
Signal Theory Introduction Digital Representation of Waveforms Sampling Precision Sampling Frequency Signal Reconstruction
Waveform Theory (s38069)
Single Sinusoid Waveform Adding Sinusoids Adding Harmonics and the Fourier Series Line Spectra Fourier Integral Amplitude Spectrum Phase Spectrum Phase Spectra Minimum Phase Spectrum Summary of Waveform Characteristics
Operators (s38084)
Introduction Linearity Frequency Response of Linear Operators Time Response of Linear Operators Superposition and Convolution The Complete Fourier Series Differentiation of Waveform Integration of Waveforms Differentiation and Integration Relations Filters
Signal Improvement (s38117)
Introduction Signal-to-Noise Ratio Filtering and Stacking Deconvolution Signal Improvement Summary
Correlation Techniques (s38278)
Introduction Cross-correlation Function Auto-correlation Function Pulse Compression Technique System Impulse Response Auto-correlation Application

Seismic Pulse (t38289)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Source Signal Theory (s38290)
Introduction to Source Theory Explosive Source Types Impulsive Surface Sources Marine Sources
Attributes of the Seismic Pulse (s38301)
Source Array Response Measurement of the Source Array Response Acoustic Impedance and Particle Velocity in Rock
The Propagating Pulse (s38308)
Source Signature Spherical Spreading Attenuation and Absorption Scattering
Seismic Ray Theory (s38325)
Snell's Law and Fermat's Principle Huygens' Principle Ray Tracing

Waveform to Geologic Model (t37918)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Rock Properties and the Seismic Response (s37919)
Define Measured Seismic Attributes and Rock Properties Forward Modeling Overview Full Wave Imaging
Rock Properties and Seismic Velocity (s37926)
Relating Seismic Velocity to Density in a Thin Section Defining Shear Velocity Shear Velocity and Grain Contacts Defining Compressional Velocity Compressional Velocity and Grain Contacts Using Compressional/Shear Velocity Ratio to Define Velocity
Rock Properties and the Velocity-Density Relationship (s37936)
The Velocity-Density Relationship Factors Affecting the Velocity-Density Relationship Velocity-Density in Shales Velocity-Density Relationship in Sandstones Density in Carbonates and Other Rocks
Rock Properties and Seismic Attributes (s37945)
Introduction to Seismic Attributes Defining Geology with Time Based Attributes Changes in Velocity Reflection Strength Attributes Reflection Polarity and Character
Correlating Seismic Data to Geologic Events (s37954)
Introduction to Seismic Interpretation Seismic Stratigraphy Detecting Oil and Gas

Seismic Reflection (t38376)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Reflection Theory (s38377)
Basic Reflection Concepts Reflection at Normal Incidence Transmission at Normal Incidence Convolution and Superposition Models The Fresnel Zone
Diffuse Reflections and Multiples (s38435)
Introduction to Diffuse Reflections Buried Focus Effect Transmission Decay and Reflection Introduction to Multiples Types of Multiples
Reflection and Geologic Interfaces (s38443)
Geological Interface Overview The Tuning Effect Non-Depositional Reflectors Depositional Reflectors
Refraction Theory & Non-Normal Incidence (s38491)
The Basic Theory of Seismic Refraction Refraction Interpretation Methods Non-Normal Incidence Mode Conversion Practical Uses for Mode Conversion

Seismic Instruments and Field Techniques

Introduction to Field Work (t72)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Introduction to Field Work (s1219)
Overview
Improving the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (s1220)
Ambient Noise Reduction Coherent Noise Reduction Scattered Noise Reduction Arrays and Groups Ghost Reflections
Multiple Coverage in Action (s1221)
Multiple Coverage Assumptions 2D Coverage 3D Coverage Converted Wave
Recording Instruments (s1222)
Introduction Station Selection Amplification Fine Tuning the Signal Recording Wireless Recording Systems Equipment Testing The Total System
The Land Seismic Source (s1223)
Explosive Sources Other Shooting Methods Non Explosive Sources
The Land Seismic Receiver (s6004)
Overview
The Seismic Record (s6005)
Event Identification Spatial Sampling
Acquisition Constraints (s6006)
Typical Numbers
Maps and Imagery in Seismic Planning (s37243)
Maps and Imagery in Seismic Planning Google Earth and Mapping Tools
Costs and Contracts (s6007)
Contractual Considerations Typical Seismic Contract.
Marine Work (s6008)
Overview Typical Seismic Vessel Specifications Seismic Vessel Overview Shipboard Processing Marine Streamers and Recording Instruments Streamer Maintenance Marine Seismic Source Water Guns Source Signatures
The Transition Zone (s6009)
Making the Transition Special Equipment
Multi-Component Data (s6010)
Overview
Organization of the Field Crew (s6011)
Organizing the Field Crew
Safety (s6012)
Overview
The Location of Seismic Lines (s6013)
Objectives and Considerations
The Observer's Report (s6014)
Overview

Surveying and Mapping on Land (t75)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Objectives and Requirements (s1224)
Surveying and Mapping on Land Objectives and Requirements
The Figure and Rotation of the Earth (s1225)
The Figure and Rotation of the Earth
Frames of Reference (s1226)
Frames of Reference Map Projections Grid Systems Databases Noncoordinate Systems
Surveying Methods (s1227)
Surveying Instruments Surveying Methods Curvature Refraction and Parallax
Land Surveying in Practice (s1228)
Land Surveying in Practice Azimuth Determinations Line Layout Field Notes Survey Closure Quality Control Survey Monumentation The Surveyor's report
Satellite Positioning Methods (s1229)
Satellite Positioning Methods System Errors Point-Positioning Surveys by 3-D Fixes More Notes on Doppler Effect The Global Positioning System Carrier Vs. Code Differential Positioning Setting Control Specifications of a Land GPS Receiver

Positioning and Mapping at Sea (t76)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Introduction to Positioning and Mapping at Sea (s1231)
Overview Introduction
Towed Streamer Acquisition (s1232)
Marine Seismic Operations Definition of Coordinate Reference Frame Source, Receiver and Common Depth Point Coordinates Survey Design, 3D Binning Grids and Sail-Line Definitions Acquisition, Logging, Processing and QC of navigation data
Satellite Positioning Systems (s1233)
Development of Satellite Positioning Systems GPS and Differential GPS Tail-buoy tracking and Secondary Vessel Positioning GPS Vessel Orientation GPS in Summary
Secondary Positioning Systems (s1234)
Secondary Positioning Systems Vessel Gyro Acoustic Networks and Ranges Laser Gun-Float and Buoy Positioning Cable Compasses Gun and Cable Depth Sensors Offsets, Lay-backs and Along-Cable measurements Echo Sounders
Positioning Systems Calibration (s1235)
Introduction Static Calibration Dynamic Calibration Magnetic Declination and Compass Bias Measuring Water Depths
Definitions Controls and Checks (s1236)
Contracts and Technical specifications Survey design and Bin Grid Definition Health Safety and Environmental and Operational Considerations Sail-Lines, Coverage, Feather, Bin-Fill and Undershoots
Navigation Data (s1237)
Logging Raw Navigation Data P2 Raw Data Contractors' Navigation Data Processing
Navigation QC and Reporting (s1238)
Navigation Quality Control Statistical Analysis of Error Communication and Reporting Maps, Charts, Post-Plots, Bathymetry and GIS
Additional Exploration Positioning Requirements (s1239)
Overview of 2D, OBC, Transition Zone, and 4D Acquisition Exploration Site Investigation and Rig Positioning
New Developments (s1240)
RTK, Full-Stream Acoustics, and Wide-swath Shooting
Supplemental Information (s5796)
Brief History of Positioning Technology Geodesy Datums, Spheroids and Projections Water Depth, Tides, Chart Datum, and Bathymetric Charts Implications to Health, Safety and Environment Technical Audit and Survey Audit Considerations Seismic Processing - Navigation Requirements Sample Navigational Technical Specification Survey Design, Bin-Grid and Sail-Lines Radio Positioning Systems

Multiple Coverage (t77)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Background (s6198)
Introduction The Development of Multiple Coverage
The Benefits and Limitations of Multiple Coverage (s6201)
Attenuation of Noise The Redundancy of the Method of Multiple Coverage Velocity Information Spatial Aliasing The Tolerances of Multiple Coverage and Common-midpoint Stacking
The Surface Diagram (s6207)
Introduction The Source-Receiver Plane The Midpoint Diagram Shots Between Groups The Calculation and Annotation of Fold Surface Diagrams in 3D Acquisition
Multiple Coverage at Sea (s6214)
Introduction Achieving Full Coverage Waterbreak Analysis Location of the Source Feathering The Two-ship Operation 3D Coverage
Multiple Coverage On Land (s6222)
Introduction The Rollalong Switch Spread Geometry Irregularities in the Line Progression The Crooked Line 3D Acquisition Geometries Other Operational Considerations
Common-midpoint Stacking (s6230)
Common-midpoint Stacking
Migration and Multiple Coverage (s6232)
Migration and Multiple Coverage
Vertical Seismic Profiling (s6234)
Vertical Seismic Profiling
Summary and Conclusions (s6236)
Summary and Conclusions

Array Design (t78)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Array Design (s6106)
Introduction to Array Design
Factors Affecting Group Dimensions (s6108)
Practicality Lateral Resolution Averaging of Plants Ambient Noise The First Breaks The Air Wave Rough Terrain Normal Moveout Formation Dip Spatial Aliasing Suppressing Source Generated Noise Source Generated Noise
Approaches to Array Design (s6121)
The Traditional Approach Developments of the Traditional Approach The Stack-Array Approach Relative Advantages of Each Approach
Traditional Array Design (s6126)
Field Testing Traditional Array Design Array Geometries Response of Linear Arrays Frequency Response of A Linear Array Response of the Tapered Array Combinations of Source and Receiver Arrays Optimum Combination of Two Linear Arrays The Chebychev Array Areal Arrays
Field Tests Measuring Source Generated Noise (s6137)
Review of Elastic Waves Wave Spread Testing Array Comparison Tests Box Wave Testing Synthesizing Test Arrays From Production Data A Final Note: the Balance
A Universal Approach to Acquisition (s6144)
Introduction Range of Velocities Universal Parameters Economic Justification Symmetrical Sampling
Arrays in 3D (s6150)
Arrays in 3D Overview
Arrays at Sea (s6152)
Hydrophone Arrays Source Arrays Super Long Arrays

Vibroseis (t79)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Vibroseis in Principle (s1253)
Vibroseis The Vibroseis Concept Compressing a Sweep into a Pulse Vibroseis System Correlation The Vibroseis Wavelet Cross Correlation
Vibroseis in Practice (s1254)
Vibroseis in Action The Vibrator The Vibrator Electronics The Effects of Distortion Instrumental Considerations Practical Considerations in the Fields Special Techniques Specialized Equipment

Choosing the Field Variables (t80)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Introduction and Basic Concepts (s1256)
Scope Defining the Exploration Problem Defining the Geophysical Problem Vertical Resolution Improving the Resolution Deconvolution and Signal Noise Bandwidth Lateral Resolution
Judgements From the Field Data (s1257)
Historical Data Judgements from Field Data Benefits From Processing
Field Variables (s5939)
Reasoned Progression for Choosing Field Variables
Experimental Shooting (s1258)
Are Field Experiments Necessary? Test Methods
Criteria for Choosing Field Variables (s1259)
Sampling Ranges Receiver Arrays The Source Relation of Source Points to Geophone Stations 3-D Geometries
The Land Impulsive Source (s5940)
The Land Source Source Variables Source Effort
The Vibroseis Source (s5941)
Vibroseis Overview The Linear Sweep The Nonlinear Sweep Whitening the Spectrum Through Nonlinear Sweeps Signal-to-Noise Considerations Nonlinear Sweep Conclusions Vibroseis Techniques Procedure for Designing a Vibroseis Survey
Receivers and Recording Systems (s5942)
Receiver Overview Recording Systems
Marine and Transition Zone Surveys (s1260)
Differences Between Marine and Land Surveys Sources Streamers Ship Speed and the Stack Array Considerations for Transition-Zone Surveys
Conclusions (s5943)
Economic Considerations Factors Affecting the Seismic Program Conclusion

Quality Control in the Field (t81)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Introduction to Quality Control in the Field (s1262)
Field Quality Assurance in Geophysics Basic Concerns of the Client Specifications
Land Surveys (s1263)
Objectives Instrument Tests Operational Quality Vibroseis Vibroseis Limitations Reporting
Marine Surveys (s1264)
Positioning Sources Instrument and Streamer Tests Missing Shots and Other Problems Reporting
Safety and Environmental Concerns (s1265)
Overview High Energy Sources Blasting Concerns Avoiding Environmental Damage Driving Helicopter Operations
Cost Effectiveness (s1266)
Why Consider Cost Effectiveness Survey Contracts

Multicomponent Seismic Applications (t6105)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Introduction to Multicomponent Seismic Applications (s6287)
P- and S-waves
Exploration Value (s6289)
Introduction: the Value of P- and S-wave Data Predict Fractures Improved Structural Image Improved P-wave Seismic Predicting Fluid Type
Theory (s6295)
Wave Propagation Shear Wave Splitting Velocity and Rock Properties Conversion Reflection and Refraction Amplitude Variation With offset
Shear Source Shear Receiver (s6302)
Introduction The Source The Receiver Polarity Convention Orientation Bandwidth
Compression Source Compression Receiver (s6309)
Overview
Compression Source Shear Receiver (s6311)
Compression Source – Shear Receiver The Reflection Point Polarity Issues Land Converted Wave Acquisition Marine Operations
Processing (s6317)
Introduction Rotation Binning Statics NMO Effect of Lateral Velocity Variation Prestack Depth Migration P and Z Summation
Interpretation (s6326)
Depth Calibration Vp/Vs Analysis Amplitudes Anisotropy Layer Stripping Improved Structural Images Predicting Fluid Type Predicting Lithology Predicting Fractures and Permeability
Review of Best Practices (s6336)
Review of Best Practices

Seismic Processing

Basic Processing (t36504)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Basic Processing Overview (s36505)
Objective of Seismic Processing Basic Seismic Processing Sequence The Utility of CMP Data Frequency Filtering Array Simulation Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Pre-Processing and Deconvolution (s36513)
Data Loading and Demultiplexing Trace Editing Gain Recovery and Trace Equalization Datum Corrections Deconvolution Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Stacking and Velocity Analysis (s36521)
CMP Sorting Velocity Analysis Normal Moveout Correction Multiple Attenuation Dereverberation Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Migration and Post-Processes (s36529)
Seismic Migration Post-Processes Display

Initial Processes (t36535)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Field Data (s36536)
Introduction SEG Seismic Field Recording Format (SEG-D) SEG Seismic Trade Format (SEG-Y) The Observer Report and Field Notes Initial Checks
Pre-Processing Flow (s36542)
Introduction Gain Recovery De-Multiplexing Re-Sampling Assigning Geometry Datum Corrections Amplitude Adjustments Trace Editing Commom MidPoint Gather Common Offset Gather Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2 Exercise No.3
Practical Considerations (s36558)
The Choice of Variables and Processing Order Reprocessing Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2

Velocities (t36565)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Influencing Factors (s36566)
Rock Composition Fracturing Depth and Age Differential Pressure Pore Fluid Properties and Temperature Velocity Variations Summary Exercise No.1
Seismic Velocities Definition (s36575)
Normal Moveout NMO for Dipping Layer Stacking Velocities Instantaneous Interval and Average Velocities NMO Stretching Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2 Exercise No.3
Velocity Analysis (s36584)
Introduction Constant Velocity Stack Panel Coherence Measures and the Velocity Analysis Display Horizon Velocity Analysis
Practical Considerations for Velocity Analysis (s36591)
Processing Considerations Selection of Velocity Analysis Variables Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Interpreting and Refining the Velocity Model (s36596)
Picking and Verifying the Velocities Residual NMO Analysis Harmonizing Stacking and Well Survey Velocities DMO
Additional Technologies (s36601)
Velocity Analysis for Anisotropic Media Tomographic Velocity Analysis Migration Velocity Analysis

Static Corrections (t36726)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Basic Concepts (s36727)
Introduction Recording Considerations Static Effects on the Stack Statics in the Overall Processing Flow Interpretive Considerations in Statics Exercise No.1
Long Wavelength Statics (s36733)
Introduction Basic Statics Computations Choosing a Seismic Datum Geological Consideration Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2 Exercise No.3
Deterministic Techniques for Deriving the Near Surface Velocity Models (s36738)
Introduction Uphole Surveys Seismic Refraction Theory and Application Refraction Interpretation Methods Tomography Statics Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Short Wavelength Static (Residual Static) (s36744)
Introduction Cross Correlation Methods Surface Consistent Methods Genetic Algorithms Cross-Dip Corrections and 3-D Statics Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Layer Replacement Techniques (s36750)
Introduction The Effects of an Irregular Sea Floor Layer Replacement by Ray - Trace Modeling Wave Equation Datuming

Deconvolution (t36653)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Conceptual Introduction to Seismic Deconvolution (s37583)
Conceptual Introduction to Seismic Deconvolution Deconvolution When One Signal Is Known Deconvolution When Both Signals Are Unknown Non-Minimum Phase Sources Multi Channel and Surface Consistent Deconvolution Predictive Deconvolution Parameter Selection
Basic Concepts (s36654)
Introduction The Convolutional Model The Seismic Source The Complete Seismic Model Deconvolution in Theory Deconvolution Parameters Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Single-Trace Statistical Deconvolution (s36661)
Spiking Deconvolution Zero-Phase Deconvolution Predictive Deconvolution Exercise No.1
Deterministic Methods (s36665)
Dephasing Versus the Full Wavelet Inverse Deconvolution with a Known Wavelet Deconvolution with Known Reflectivity
Multi-Trace Deconvolution (s36669)
Introduction Shot Deconvolution Surface-Consistent Deconvolution Poststack Multi-Trace Deconvolution Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Alternative Methods of Deconvolution (s36674)
Maximum Likelihood Deconvolution Minimum Entropy Deconvolution L1-Norm Deconvolution Q Deconvolution Exercise No.1
Practical Considerations in Deconvolution (s36679)
Comparison Methods Seismic Source Deconvolution - A Suggested Processing Scheme Exercise No.1

Stacking, Filtering and Display (t36607)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Common Midpoint Stacking (s36682)
Definitions Prestack Processes The Mean Amplitude Stack Benefits and Limitations Irregular Geometry Exercise No.1
Alternative Forms (s36688)
Introduction Weighting by Mute Weighting by Offset Median Stack Diversity Stack Trimmed Mean Stacking Coherence Stack (or Semblance) Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Velocity Filters (s36694)
Introduction The Two Dimensional Filter Pre-Stack Filtering Post-Stack Filtering Exercise No.1
Final Filtering (s36699)
Band Pass Filters Time Variant Filters Filter Panels
Display (s36703)
Final Amplitude Manipulation Display Scales Display Modes Polarity Conventions Plot Annotation

Multiple Attenuation (t37611)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Multiples and their Characteristics (s37612)
Introduction Peg-Leg Multiples Interbed Multiples Long and Short Period Reverberations Dip
Multiple Attenuation Method (s37618)
Attenuation Techniques Multiple Attenuation by Stacking Multiple Attenuation using F- K and Radon Transforms Multiple Attenuation by Prediction Multiple Attenuation by Wave Field Extrapolation Surface Related Multiple Elimination Pressure and Velocity Summation References

Seismic Migration (t36616)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Overview of Seismic Migration (s36617)
Introduction Migration Types Methods Modes Effect of the Seismic Migration on the Geological Features Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2 Exercise No.3 Exercise No.4 Exercise No.5
Seismic Migration Methods (s36628)
Introduction Kirchhoff Migration Finite Difference Migration Fourier Transform Migration Practical Considerations Exercise No.1
Depth Migration (s36635)
Introduction Kirchhof Depth Migration Finite Difference Depth Migration Fourier Transform Depth Migration Practical Considerations Exercise No.1
2D Versus 3D Migration (s36642)
Introduction Two-Pass and One-Pass Techniques Exercise No.1
Seismic Migration in Anisotropic Media (s36646)
Introduction Migration in VTI Media Other Anisotropic Media Exercise No.1

Synthetic Seismogram Modeling (t37216)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Synthetic Seismogram (s574)
Basic Principles Log Sampling, General Considerations Sampling Methods Backus Averaging Comparison Section Long-Path Multiples Short-Path Multiples Reflection Pulse Practical Problems and Considerations Matching the Trace to the Seismic Section Applications References Recommended Reading Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3

Seismic Interpretation

Basic Seismic Interpretation (t38736)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Introduction to Seismic Interpretation (s38737)
Introduction Process of Seismic Interpretation Where to Pick Where to Time Migrated and Unmigrated Sections and Line Ties
Structural Interpretation (s38738)
Introduction Faults and Sedimentary Accumulations Timing of Structural Movements
Seismic Stratigraphy (s38739)
Introduction Sedimentary Layers Unconformities Erosional Channels Mound Deposits and Reefs Reef Interpretation Absence of Reflections
Seismic Interpretation Methods (s38740)
Seismic Modeling Introduction Bright, Flat and Dim Spots Crosswell Seismic
Interpretation with Seismic Attributes (s38741)
Introduction 2D and 3D AVO Attributes The Coherence Attribute Instantaneous Attributes Attribute Applications

Fault Interpretation (t38868)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Faults in Petroleum Provinces (s38869)
Introduction General Issues in Interpretation
Stress and Strain (s38870)
Introduction Stress Strain Rock Strength, Brittleness and Ductility Principal Stress Directions and Faulting
Fault Nomenclature (s38871)
General Terminology Normal Faults Thrust Faults Strike-Slip Faults
Seismic Expression of Faults (s38872)
Introduction Faults and Diffractions Perfect and Imperfect Migration Fault Plane Reflection Coefficient Steeply Dipping Fault Planes Refracted Fault Plane Reflections Reactivation and Wrenching
Fault Data Interpretation (s38873)
Basic Interpretation Rules Fault Plane Maps Basic Principles of Structure Maps The Role of Reflection Time
Divergent Basins: Structural Styles (s38874)
Introduction to Structural Styles Overview of Divergent Basins Basement-Involved Faulting Growth Faults Salt Movement Faults Shale Movement Faults Gravity-Induced Faulting
Convergent Basins: Structural Styles (s38875)
Overview Basement-Involved Faulting Faulting Without Basement-Involvement Strike-Slip Basins Cratonic Basins
Faults: 3D and Workstation Interpretation (s38876)
Overview Time Slices Fault Slices Case Studies

Seismic Contouring (t39020)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Contouring Fundamentals (s39021)
Introduction Shapes and Contours Faulted Structures Relevance of Line Spacing Map Example: Kapuni Field, New Zealand
Contouring by Hand: Picking (s39022)
Introduction Basic Concepts of Picking General Rules of Picking Location Map
Contouring by Hand: Solving Misties (s39023)
Misties Misties in Unmigrated Sections Misties in Migrated Sections Misties Summary Digitizing and Posting Ray Migration and Demigration as a Tool in Handling Misties
Contouring by Hand: Practical Procedures (s39024)
Contouring Procedures Some Finer Points of Contouring Rules of Contouring Ethics of Contouring
Contouring by Machine (s39025)
Introduction Contouring Approaches Gridding Approach Triangular Approach Interactive Workstations
Contour Maps: Operations (s39026)
Interval Maps Reservoir Area and Volume Calculations Two-Dimensional Filtering: Trends and Residuals Map Migration

Velocity Interpretation and Depth Conversion (t39106)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Seismic Velocities (s39107)
Introduction Average Velocity Interval Velocity Root-Mean-Square (RMS) Velocity Normal–Moveout (NMO) Velocity
Normalized Interval Velocity (s39108)
Lithology, Age, Pore Pressure and Depth Sand-Shale Ratio Depth-Normalized Velocity Method
Well Velocities (s39109)
Sonic Logs Checkshot Surveys Vertical Seismic Profiles
Seismic Velocity Databases (s39110)
Data Preparation Quality Control Techniques Gridding and Smoothing Statistical, Systematic and Geological Errors
Time-Depth Conversion Methods (s39111)
Effects of a Varying Water Layer Constant Function Method Time-Line Method Average Velocity Method Interval Velocity Method
Normalized Interval Velocity Techniques (s39112)
Introduction Compaction Curves Iterative Depth Algorithm (IDA) Lithology Determination Interpretation Study Example
Additional Examples for Time-Depth Conversion (s39113)
Nomenclature and Symbols Layer Cake Depth Conversion Monitoring Depth Conversions Using a Normalized Velocity-Lithology Correlation

Hydrocarbon Indicators (t94)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Seismic Methods and Hydrocarbon Detection (s1339)
Introduction Historical Perspective
Reflections and Seismic Parameters (s1340)
Huygens' Principle Fresnel Zone Amplitude Phase Character Frequency Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Seismic Attributes and Their Preservation (s1341)
Acquisition of Seismic Data Waveform Processing Amplitude Processing Static Corrections Stacking Velocities and Moveout Correction Dip Moveout Velocities (DMO) Migration and Depth Migration Optimized Processing Sequence for Stratigraphic Objectives Use of Color Displays Examples of Color Displays Exercise No. 1
Amplitude HCIs (s1342)
Introduction Geologic Processes Lithology Effects Sand/ Shale Reflectivity Zones Dim Spot: Zones II and III Carbonates and Other Lithologies Exercise No. 1
Amplitude Versus offset (AVO) (s1343)
Energy Partitioning AVO Methods AVO Pros and Cons AVO Modeling AVO Case Studies Exercise No. 1
Seismic Modeling (s1344)
Modeling Approaches Structural Applications Stratigraphic Applications Inverse Models Inverse Modeling Case Studies Exercise No. 1
3-D Seismic Data, Workstations and Hydrocarbon Indicators (s1345)
Benefits and Display Capabilities Exercise No. 1
Shear Waves and Other Hydrocarbon Indicators (s1346)
Shear Waves Multi-Component Surveys Vertical Seismic Profiles (VSPs) and Borehole Tomography 4-D: Time Variant Exercise No. 1
Hydrocarbon Indicator Validation (s1347)
General Guidelines Exercise No. 1

Seismic Stratigraphic Modeling (t95)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Stratigraphic Prospects (s1348)
Exploration Trends Stratigraphic Traps Seismic Data and Stratigraphic Information
Stratigraphic Seismology (s1349)
Resolution Stratigraphic Acquisition Stratigraphic Processing Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4
Velocity and the Seismic Response (s1350)
Velocity and Rock Properties Reflection and Acoustic Impedance Exercise No. 1
Forward Modeling (s1351)
Introduction Integration of Seismic and Subsurface Data Synthetic Seismogram Modeling Multi-Dimensional Modeling Building a Geologic Model Two-Dimensional Modeling: Pinacle Reef Two-Dimensional Modeling: Sand/ Shale Sequence Two-Dimensional Modeling: Gas-Bearing Sand Stratigraphic Models: Case Studies Three and Four-Dimensional Modeling Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Inverse Modeling (s1352)
Inversion Processing Synthetic Sonic Display Case Study
Amplitude vs. offset Analysis (s1353)
Energy Partitioning AVO Models Limitations of the AVO Method Gas and Sand Case Study Exercise No. 1

3D Seismic and Time-Lapse Methods

3D and 4D Seismic (t23455)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
3D Seismic Techniques: An Overview (s23456)
General Introduction 3D Methods Described
3D Seismic Data Acquisition (s23459)
History and Early Development Survey Design Criteria - Field Parameters Pre-Acquisition Modelling Wide Azimuth Benefits Land Acquisition Swath Shooting Marine Applications Transition Zone Acquisition Navigation and Surveying
3D Seismic Data Processing (s23467)
Seismic Data Pre-processing Velocity Analyses Trace Binning NMO Statics and Stacking Statics Scaling and Stacking Migration In-Field 3D Processing
3D Interpretation Basics (s23475)
Interpretation Introduction 3D Displays Time Slices Composites Colors in 3D Displays Interpretation Workstations Special Interpretation Capabilities Movies Structural Flattening Interpreting and Picking Seismic Data Interpreting Data on the Workstation Interpreting Lines Interpreting Time Slices Interpreting Composite Displays Using Contiguous Lines Time Slices and Movies Tying Interpretations Depth Conversion
3D Interpretation in Practice (s23493)
Structural Overview and Skeleton Interpretations Infill Picking Specialized Techniques Maps and Imagery in Seismic Planning 3D Interpretation - Summary
Overview of 3D Volume Visualization (s23499)
Introduction Fundamental Elements Paring the Data Case Studies Visualization Software
4D Seismic Applications (s23505)
Introduction to Time-Lapse Seismic in Reservoir Monitoring Process Summary Factors Controlling Project Feasibility Designing the 4D Program Case Study Water Injection Case Study

Borehole Geophysics and Non-Seismic Methods

Gravity and Magnetics (t38500)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Introduction to Gravity and Magnetic Data (s38501)
Introduction The Basic Concepts of Gravity Vectors and the Principle of Superposition Gravity Measurements and Variations in Earth’s Gravity Field
Density of the Earth (s38502)
Introduction Density Computation Density Contrasts Sources of Density Data
Modeling the Gravity Effects of Geologic Bodies (s38503)
Introduction and the Infinite Slab Model Thin 2D Prism Model Spherical Approximation Model Semi-Infinite Horizontal Sheet Model Computer Models
Reduction and Processing of Gravity Data (s38504)
Introduction Latitude Corrections Free-Air Correction Bouguer Correction Corrections for Marine and Airborne Gravity Satellite Gravity
Surface Gravity Interpretation (s38505)
Introduction to Geologic Applications and Approach Determining the Response Analyzing Data Suitability Determining Residual Gravity Depth Estimation Quantitative Gravity Modeling
Borehole Gravity (s38506)
Borehole Gravity Applications Density from Borehole Gravity Advantages and Features of Borehole Gravity BHGM Density Logging Remote Sensing of Structures
Gravity Gradiometry and Time-Lapse Gravity Measurements (s38507)
Gravity Gradiometry Fundamental Concepts Gravity Gradiometry Case History Using Time-Lapse Gravimetry For Reservoir Monitoring
Introduction to Magnetic Data (s38508)
The Basic Concepts of Magnetism Earth's Magnetic Field Magnetic Force Fields Modeling Magnetic Force Fields Introduction to Rock Magnetism Natural Remanent Magnetism
Magnetic Anomalies: Their Geological Significance and Signatures (s38509)
Introduction to Magnetic Anomalies Basement and Sedimentary Features Intra-Basement Magnetization Contacts Supra-Basement Structural Anomalies Intra-Sedimentary Magnetic Effects Diagenetic Anomalies Ocean Floor Anomalies Basic Magnetic Anomaly Signatures
Magnetic Instruments and Field Surveys (s38510)
Introduction Magnetic Survey Design Magnetic Survey Temporal Corrections Magnetometers Aeromagnetic Survey Systems Marine Magnetic Surveys
Magnetic Data Processing and Interpretation (s38511)
Introduction Corrections for Expected Variations Data Examination Magnetic Interpretation General Procedure Determining the Response Data Processing Examples of Filtered Maps Depth Estimation Inversion

Controlled Source Electromagnetic Methods (t37435)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Overview (s37436)
Overview
Introduction to EM and its role in the Petroleum Industry (s37438)
Ohm’s Law and Resistivity Role of Fluids Resistivity, Hydrocarbon Saturation, and Archie’s Law Passive and Active EM Direct Current (DC) Resistivity Measurements Seismic and EM Propagation: The Wave Equation and the Diffusion Equation
Fourier Theory (s37445)
Fourier Transform Two-dimensional Fourier Transform Resolution and Bandwidth Similarity Theorem The Impulse Function (δ) Impulse Response Linear Filters and Convolution Convolution Theorem Derivative Theorem Wavefield Transformation
Electromagnetic Waves (s37456)
Maxwell’s Equations Constitutive Relations Electromagnetic Wave Equations Transformation of the Wave Equations to the Frequency Domain Plane Wave Solutions of the Electromagnetic Wave Equations, Skin Depth, Wavelength Electromagnetic Propagation in Air and Free Space Electromagnetic Propagation in Conducting Media: Diffusion Equation Point Electric Dipole Source in an Unbounded Medium Boundary Conditions Point Electric Dipole Source onThe Surface of a half-space
Passive Electromagnetics (s37467)
The Magnetotellurics (MT) Method The MT Receiver
Overview of Controlled-Source Electromagnetic (CSEM) Methods (s37470)
Conventional Marine CSEM The Evolution of Marine CSEM Conventional Land CSEM: LOTEM Response to an Impulsive Source of Current on Land – The Air Wave Response to an Impulsive Source of Current in Sea Water The MTEM Method Sources of Electromagnetic Noise Interpretation of CSEM Data
Source Control in Controlled Source Electromagnetics (CSEM) (s37479)
The Convolutional Model in CSEM Source Control and the Source Time Function Pseudo-random Binary Sequence (PRBS) Response to a Transient Input Signal Square-wave Function Comparison of PRBS and Square Wave Theory Comparison of Square Wave and PRBS Marine CSEM Data Signature Deconvolution Theory Signature Deconvolution Applied to a Whole Line of Marine PRBS Data Frequency Response Functions of PRBS and Square-wave Data Deconvolution Gain
Conventional Marine CSEM Data Acquisition and Processing (s37491)
Introduction Positioning Clock Drift Acquisition Geometries Data Pre-processing Source Normalization Determination of Rotation Angle Determination of Amplitude and Phase ExxonMobil Examples
Land MTEM Data Acquisition and Processing (s37501)
The Impulse Response and Time to the Peak The Impulse Response in Dimensionless Time Frequency Domain Response Variation of Response Time with Offset Bandwidth of Recording Frequency Bandwidth Comparison of MTEM with Other Methods Signal-to-Noise Ratio of MTEM Data Maximizing the Signal Minimizing Noise: Attenuation of Cultural Noise by Polarity Reversals Minimizing Noise: Attenuation of Cultural Noise by Filtering Minimizing Noise: Attenuation of Cultural Noise by Additional Cross-track Measurements Estimating Resistivity from Travel-time Data
Marine MTEM Data Acquisition and Processing (s37514)
Data Acquisition Using Ocean-bottom Cable (OBC) Harding Field Example Data Acquisition Positioning Repeatability Errors Optimization of Source Signal Parameters Frequency Domain Deconvolution Offset Correction Spatially-Correlated Noise Removal Repeatability MTEM Marine Data
Effect of the water layer on marine CSEM data (s37525)
Electrical Conductivity of Sea Water Double Halfspace Response Air-Water-Earth Half-space System: Multiples (Reverberations) Airwave Attenuation for Transient EM The Airwave and Conventional CSEM
Modeling and Inversion to Determine Resistivity (s37531)
The Problem Inversion as Iterative Forward Modeling Forward Modeling 3D EM Time-lapse Model Building – Harding Example 3D Forward Modeling and 1D Inversion - Harding Example 3D Inversion of 3D Data Including Anisotropy Quantification of Misfit

Crosswell Seismology (t5600)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Introduction to Crosswell Seismology (s5601)
History of Crosswell Seismology
When to Run a Crosswell Survey (s5602)
Surface Seismic Imaging and Crosswell Imaging Where Does Crosswell Seismology Work? Typical Crosswell Seismic Data Applications
Crosswell Data Acquisition (s5603)
Downhole Sources and Receivers Tube Waves and Their Attenuation Pre-Survey Planning
Crosswell Seismic Data Processing and Analysis (s5604)
Crosswell Seismic Surveys and Surface Seismic Surveys Crosswell Direct Arrival Traveltime Tomography Crosswell reflection Imaging
Crosswell Seismology Recommended Practices (s5608)
Crosswell Seismology Recommended Practices

Vertical Seismic Profiles (t6365)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Introduction to Vertical Seismic Profiles (s6366)
Background
VSP Survey Fundamentals (s6368)
The VSP Measurement Procedure When VSP Should Be Considered
VSP Survey Recording Geometries (s6371)
Offset Walkaway and Zero-offset Geometries Inverse VSP
The VSP Receiver (s6374)
Introduction General Requirements of VSP Receivers Multi-Level Receiver Arrays
The VSP Source (s6378)
General Requirements of VSP Sources Land-Based VSP Source Mechanisms Offshore Energy Sources
Recording Systems (s6382)
Overview
Pre-Survey Modeling (s6384)
The Importance of Pre-Survey Modeling
VSP Acquisition Practices and Concerns (s6386)
Acquisition Practices Acquisition Concerns Unique to VSP
VSP Processing Fundamentals (s6389)
Basic Principles of VSP Processing Wavefield Separation Techniques Deconvolution of VSP Data Shifting VSP Times Comparing the VSP with Surface Seismic Data Processing Three-Component VSP Data VSP Imaging
VSP Applications (s6397)
Interpretation VSP Imaging Use of VSP Data Role of VSP Vsp and Well Completion Salt Proximity Analyses Microseismicity from Borehole Geophone Arrays Shear-Wave Vertical Seismic Profiling 3D VSP
Summary (s6407)
Summary

Other Geophysical Techniques (t996)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Borehole Velocity Measurements (s573)
Introduction Acoustic Logging: Basic Principles Acoustic Logging Tools Acoustic Logging, Surface Equipment Acoustic Logging Procedures Acoustic Log Presentation Acoustic Log, Sources of Error Acoustic Log Editing Velocity Surveys, Basic Principles Well Geophones and Surface Equipment Velocity Survey Procedures Velocity Surveys: Geophone Locations Velocity Surveys: Quality Control Velocity Surveys in Deviated Wells Velocity Surveys and Refraction Effects Velocity Surveys on Land Time-Depth Conversion Vibroseis as a Source Acoustic Log Calibration Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4

Microseismic Studies of Reservoirs (t37056)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Applications for Microseismic Surveys (s37057)
Microearthquake Introduction Microearthquakes and Pore Pressure Reservoir Studies using Microseismic Surveys Mircoseismic and Hydraulic Fracturing Other Microseismic Applications Microseismic Events Summary
Anatomy of Microseismic Events (s37058)
Microseismic Introduction Wave Types Isotropic Versus Anisotropic Media Velocity Differences Geometric spreading differences Attenuation Differences Dislocation Models for Microearthquakes Microseismic Events in Isotropic Media Microseismic Events in Anisotropic Media Summary
Relating Stress and Pore Pressure to Microseismic Events (s37180)
Stress and Pore Pressure Introduction Basics of Stress, Strain and Pore Pressure Principal Stresses Making Elastic Constants More Intuitive Poroelastic stresses and strains Modeling Reservoir Stress Overburden and Normal Pore Pressure Horizontal Response To Overburden Tectonic Stresses Relating stress and pore pressure Estimating the Three Principal Stresses Summary
Failure Criteria for Microearthquakes (s37110)
Failure Criteria Introduction Compressive Failure Pore Collapse Natural faults and fractures Hydraulically Induced Fractures Determining the extent and nature of fracturing
Getting a First Velocity Model for Event Location (s37117)
Velocity Model Introduction Alignment of geophones Velocity as a function of frequency Building layered anisotropic models Lateral Heterogeneity Between Wells First Velocity Model Summary
Updating the Velocity Using Microseismic Events (s37124)
Starting Velocity Introduction Finding microseismic locations with a known velocity model Advantages to updating velocity models Fermat’s Principle Unknown Source Location Velocity Model Summary
Source Mechanisms of Microearthquakes (s37217)
Elements of a Source Mechanism Introduction Elements of a Source Mechanism Stress Drop Determining the Source Moment Tensor with Limited Recorders Reservoir Controls upon Source Mechanisms Summary
Interpreting Microseismic Patterns and Source Mechanism Evolution (s37224)
Introduction to Interpreting Microseismic Finding Faults and Natural Fractures Systematic Changes in Source Mechanisms During Hydraulic Fracturing or Production Summary
Monitoring Shale Gas Through Hydraulic Fracturing (s37228)
Introduction Are Shales Homogeneous? Where is the Gas? Recovering Gas from Shale using Hydraulic Fracturing
Microseismic Monitoring Reservoirs without Hydraulic Fracturing (s37233)
Introduction Source Mechanisms for Normal Production Injection Source Mechanisms Pore Pressure Monitoring Saturation Changes Summary
Estimating Reservoir Properties using Microseismic Events (s37199)
Introduction Production Changes in Microseismic Events Microseismic Events Associated with Hydraulic Fracturing
Determining the Best Interval for Production (s37200)
Introduction Covariance Matrix for the Production Data
Surface Seismic Compliment to Microseismic Surveys (s37201)
Introduction Detecting Reservoir Properties Before Drilling Correlating Surface Seismic Attributes with Microseismic Data
The Future of Microseismic Developments (s37202)
Introduction Better Processing for Event Locations and Mechanisms Improved Exploration and Development of Reservoirs Microseismic Surveys Summary

Petroleum Engineering

Petroleum Production Performance

Fluid Flow and the Production System (t38341)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Production Systems (s38342)
Production System Overview Reservoir Inflow Performance: Fluid Flow and Permeability Reservoir Inflow Performance: Productivity Index Reservoir Inflow Performance Relationship (IPR) Lift Performance: Flow Regimes and Pressure Gradient Correlations Production System Performance: Adding Surface Control Using Chokes Production System Analysis: An Integrated Approach
Inflow Performance Relationship (s38362)
Inflow Performance Relationship Introduction Inflow Performance Relationship: Influence of Reservoir Characteristics IPR Determination: Vogel Method IPR Determination: Standing's Extension of Vogel's Method IPR Determination: Fetkovich Method IPR and Skin Effect IPR and Flow Efficiency: Standing Type Curves Conducting an Inflow Performance Test
Lift Performance (s38396)
Pipe Pressure Loss Components Variables Affecting Pressure Loss in Pipe Vertical Flow Correlations Horizontal Flow Correlations Pressure Traverse Curves Heading in Flowing Wells
Flowing Well Performance (s38450)
Surface Chokes: General Description Choke Performance Relationships Integrating Inflow, Lift and Surface Performance Applications of Integrated Production System Analysis
Production Rate Decline Curves (s38458)
Production Rate Decline Curves Overview Decline Types Decline Curve Graphical Representation Constant Percentage Decline Curve Applications Production Data Collections, Analysis, and Smoothing Incorporating Changes in Operating Practice Estimating Gas Well Reserves

Artificial Lift Methods (t37801)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Artificial Lift Overview (s37802)
Introduction to Artificial Lift Selecting an Artificial Lift Method
Gas Lift (s37806)
Gas Lift System Overview Gas Lift Applications Downhole Installations Gas Lift Valves Gas Lift Valve Mechanics Continuous Gas Lift Intermittent Gas Lift Practical Aspects of Well Unloading and Operation Gas Lift Surface Facilities
Reciprocating Rod Pump Systems (s37819)
Rod Pumping Overview Surface Equipment Subsurface Equipment Subsurface Pump Selection Rod String Design API System Design Procedure Pumping Unit Design Procedure – Rapid Analysis Polished Rod Dynamometers Rod Load Versus Displacement System Monitoring: Dynagraphs
Progressive Cavity Pump Systems (s37832)
PCP System Overview PCP System Components PCP System Applications PCP System Design and Installation PCP Operation
Hydraulic Pump Systems (s37840)
Hydraulic Pumping: Overview Subsurface Hydraulic Pumps Downhole Installations Surface Facilities Reciprocating Pumps: System Design Reciprocating Pumps: Operating Considerations Jet Pumps: Design and Operation
Electrical Submersible Pump Systems (s37850)
ESP System Overview ESP Power Components ESP Operating Principles ESP System Design ESP System Operation
Plunger Lift Systems (s37858)
Plunger Lift Overview Plunger Lift Design and Installation

Production Equipment and Operations

Wellheads, Flow Control Equipment and Flowlines (t110)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Casing and Tubing Head Equipment (s1370)
Introduction Casing Heads Casing Spools Casing Hangers Packoffs and Isolation Seals Bowl Protectors Test Plugs Mudline Suspension Systems Tubing Heads Tubing Hangers and Tubing Head Adapters Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 4 Exercise 5 Exercise 6 Exercise 7 Exercise 8
Flow Control at the Wellhead (s3575)
Gate Valves Production Chokes Christmas Tree Assemblies Low-Pressure Installations (Examples) High-Pressure Installations (Examples) Flanges and Clamps Independent Wellheads Unitized Wellheads Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3
Flowlines (s3576)
Basic Design Parameters Line Pipe Fabrication and Specifications Pressure Loss Calculations Sizing of Lines Effect of Design on Well Performance Installation and Testing Pipe Insulation Temperature Differentials Corrosion Control (External) Corrosion Control (Internal) Cleaning and Inspection
Valves, Fittings and Flanges (s3577)
Gate Valves Plug Valves and Ball Valves Globe Valves Butterfly Valves Diaphragm Valves Check Valves Pipe Fittings
Production Manifolds (s1376)
Basic Components Fabrication

Fluid Separation and Treatment (t111)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Production Facility Overview (s1378)
Fluid Treatment Objectives Production and Separation of Well Fluids Treatment and Handling of Separated Fluids Additional Facility Functions Exercise 1 Exercise 2
Separation of Produced Fluids (s1379)
Two-Phase(Liquid-Gas) Separation Three-Phase (Gas, Oil and Water) Separation Two-Phase Horizontal Separators Two-Phase Vertical Separators Spherical Separators Double-Barreled and Filter-Type Separators Comparison of Two-Phase Separator Types Three-Phase Horizontal Separators Three-Phase Vertical Separators Internal Components Pressure and Level Controllers Pressure Relief Valves and Rupture Discs Operating Problems Sizing Two-Phase Separators Sizing Three-Phase Separators Stage Separation Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 4 Exercise 5
Treatment of Separation Oil (s1380)
Emulsions and Their Treatment Vertical Treaters Horizontal Treaters Electrostatic Treaters Chemical Treatment Other Treating Equipment Sizing of Treating Equipment Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 4

Oilfield Safety (t113)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Emergency Preparedness (s1389)
Hazard Awareness Safety Meetings Emergency Plan Development Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4
Incident Reporting and Investigation (s1390)
Accidents and Incidents Reporting Procedures Investigation Procedures Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4
Safety Hazards in Oil and Gas Production (s1392)
Overview Water-Related Hazards Unconfined Vapor Releases Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion (BLEVE) Compressor Station Hazards Pyrophoric Iron Sulfide Hydrogen Sulfide (Sour Gas) Chemical Hazards Electrical Hazards Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5 Exercise No.6
Safe Work Practices (s1393)
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Site Housekeeping Lifting and Handling of Materials by Hand Rigging Safety and Work at Heights Confined/Enclosed Space Entry Shutdown and Startup Procedures Welding and the Use of Power Tools Well Workovers Driving Safety Guidelines First Aid: General Considerations Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5 Exercise No. 6 Exercise No. 7 Exercise No. 8 Exercise No. 9 Exercise No. 10 Exercise No. 11
Safety and Control of Site Activities (s1394)
Work Permit Systems Safety Inspection Procedures Site Security Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5
Fire Prevention and Control (s1397)
Fire Chemistry Detection of Flammable and Toxic Atmospheres Properties of Flammable and Combustible Liquids Control of Ignition Sources Fire Protection Systems and Equipment Firefighting Agents Hand-held Fire Extinguishers Firefighter Training Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5 Exercise No. 6 Exercise No. 7 Exercise No. 8 Exercise No. 9 Exercise No. 10 Exercise No. 11 Exercise No. 12

Cased Hole Logging (t114)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Cased Hole Logging Overview (s1401)
Typical Setup Logging Environment Regions of Investigation for Cased Hole Tools
Formation Evaluation in Cased Holes (s1402)
Pulsed Neutron Capture Measurement Cased Hole Resistivity Tool Pulsed Neutron Capture Log Presentations Pulsed Neutron Capture Log Applications Carbon-Oxygen (C/O) Measurement Compensated Neutron Measurement Natural Gamma Ray Measurement Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 4 Exercise 5 Exercise 6 Exercise 7
Cement Bond Evaluation (s1403)
Cement Bond Log (CBL) Microannulus Effects, Tool Centralization and Quality Control Cement Bond Index Wellbore-Compensated CBL Pad-Type CBL Pulse-Echo CBL and Circumferential Imaging Tools Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 4 Exercise 5
Casing Inspection (s3578)
Overview Mechanical Calipers Electromagnetic Tools Casing Potential Surveys Acoustic Casing Inspection Exercise 1
Qualitative Flow Evaluation (s1404)
Temperature Surveys Borehole Noise Surveys Radioactive Tracer Surveys Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 4 Exercise 5 Exercise 6 Exercise 7 Exercise 8
Flow Rate Determination in the Wellbore (s1405)
Fluid Behavior Injection Well Profiling Using Radioactive Tracers Flowmeters (Turbine Type) Multiphase Vertical Flow Multiphase Flow in Deviated Wells Oxygen Activation Measurement
Production Logging of Multiphase Flow in Horizontal Wells (s5609)
Introduction Configurations and Flow Regimes Logging Equipment and Techniques Used in Horizontal Wells Conventional Production Logging Tools Production Logging Tools Designed for Horizontal Wells Case Studies References Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 4 Exercise 5 Exercise 6 Exercise 7 Exercise 8 Exercise 9 Exercise 10

Intelligent Completions (t36209)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Introduction to Intelligent Completions (s36210)
Overview Historical Perspective
Fundamentals of Pressure Sensors (s36213)
Basic Pressure Sensing Technology Exploiting Crystal Properties of Quartz Quartz Sensors
Fiber Optic Sensing and Telemetry Systems (s36217)
Introduction to Downhole Fiber Optics Fundamentals of Light Propagation Fiber Optic Transmission Modes Architecture of Optical Sensor Systems Fiber Optic Gratings Bragg Grating Sensors Distributed Temperature Sensing Systems DTS Applications
Downhole Flow Control (s36226)
Real-time Flow Control
Assessing Reliability (s36228)
Reliability and Environmental Modeling Failure Analysis and Testing Standards

Overview of Rigless Well Intervention (t38106)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Introduction to Rigless Well Intervention (s38107)
Well Intervention Described Economics of Rigless Well Intervention HSE and Well Intervention
Operating Considerations in Rigless Well Intervention (s38112)
Tasks, Roles, and Responsibilities Selection of Well Candidates General Preparation for Rigless Well Intervention

Slickline Well Intervention (t38011)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Overview of Slickline Well Intervention (s38012)
Slickline Described HSE and Slickline Operations
Basic Slickline Equipment (s38016)
Equipment Overview Wireline Slickline Units Data Acquisition Systems Pressure Control Equipment Hoisting System Basic Slickline Tool String Running and Pulling Tools
Slickline Service Tools (s38026)
Introduction Tubing Conditioning and Servicing Tools Fishing Tools Bailers Specialty Tools
Subsurface Flow Controls (s38033)
Slickline Operations and Subsurface Flow Controls Lock Mandrels Plugs Subsurface Safety Valves Subsurface Chokes Gas Lift Equipment Tubing Packoffs Sliding Sleeves
Advanced Slickline Applications (s38043)
Introduction Depth Control for Advanced Slickline Applications Tool Activation Memory Production Logging Real-Time Slickline
Slickline Operations (s38050)
Job Preparation and Rig-Up Tubing Conditioning, Testing and Repair Sand Bailing, Paraffin and Scale Removal Pressure Surveys, Memory Production Logging and Perforating Subsurface Safety Valves Plugs and Flow Controls Wireline Fishing Post-Job Activities and Rig-Down

Electric Line Well Intervention (t38206)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Overview of Electric Line Well Intervention (s38207)
Electric Line Described HSE and Electric Line Operations
Basic Electric Line Equipment (s38211)
Equipment Overview Electric Wireline Wireline Units for Electric Line Operations Pressure Control Equipment
Electric Line Downhole Tools (s38217)
Introduction Electric Line-Tool String Connection Depth Control in Electric Line Operations Tool String Conveyance Production Logging Tools Through-Tubing Formation Evaluation Cement Bond Evaluation Perforating Tubing and Casing Inspection Tools
Electric Line Operations (s38226)
Job Preparation and Rig-Up Electric Line Logging Operations Electric Line Well Servicing Operations Risks and Mitigations in Electric Line Operations Post-Job Considerations

Coiled Tubing Well Intervention (t38235)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Overview of Coiled Tubing Well Intervention (s38236)
Introduction HSE and Coiled Tubing Well Intervention
Basic Coiled Tubing Equipment (s38240)
Equipment Overview Coiled Tubing and Reel System Coiled Tubing Injector Assembly Coiled Tubing Pressure Control Equipment
Coiled Tubing Downhole Tools (s38246)
Introduction Basic Coiled Tubing Bottomhole Assembly Wellbore Cleanout Tools Fishing and Pipe Recovery Specialty and Support Tools
Coiled Tubing Operations (s38253)
Job Preparation and Rig-Up Well Cleanout and Unloading Operations Coiled Tubing Fishing and Milling Pumping Operations Coiled Tubing-Wireline Coiled Tubing and Artificial Lift Coiled Tubing Drilling

Drilling Engineering

Well Planning (t115)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Well Planning Overview (s1407)
Well Objectives and Success Factors Major Components Tasks and Responsibilities
Well Selection (s1408)
Budget Objectives Prospect Selection Reservoir Potential Evaluation Prospect Acquisition and Location Selection
AFE Preparation (s1409)
Introduction Geological Input Completion and Testing Requirements Drilling Considerations Cost Estimates and AFE Approval
Well Plan Organization and Data Gathering (s1410)
General Outline Information Sources Initial Planning Meeting Environmental and Regulatory Requirements Location, Support and Logistics Pressure Prediction and Well Planning Drilling Problems
Well Design Considerations (s1411)
Casing Settings Depths and Sizes Casing and Tubing Design Wellhead Design Mud Program Cementing Program Bit Program Hydraulics Program Directional Planning and Deviation Control Logging, Coring and Testing
Rig Design Considerations (s1412)
Well Control and Blowout Prevention Rig Specifications
Procedures (s1413)
Drilling and Completion Support and Logistics Emergencies
Drilling Contracts (s1414)
Contract Procurement Bidding Considerations
Cost Reviews (s1415)
Drilling and Completion Costs AFE and Well Plan Review

Drill String Components (t116)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Drill String Overview (s1425)
Design Considerations Principal Components Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2 Exercise No.3
Kelly (s1426)
General Description Performance Considerations Exercise No.1
Drill Pipe (s1427)
Dimensions and Strengths Upsets Tool Joints Capacity and Displacement Handling Guidelines Fatigue and Drill String Failures Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2 Exercise No.3 Exercise No.4 Exercise No.5
Drill Collars (s1428)
General Description Tapered Strings Special Features Connections Exercise No.1
Heavy Wall Drill Pipe (s3821)
General Description
Bottomhole Assembly Tools (s3822)
Stabilizers Drilling Jars Reamers Hole Openers Float Subs Circulating Subs Crossover Subs Vibration Dampeners Drill Strings for High-Angle Drilling

Drill Bits (t983)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Introduction to Drill Bits (s1429)
Bit Types and IADC Classifications Rock Failure Mechanisms
Roller Cone Bit Design (s1430)
Geometry Cutting Elements Bearings Exercise No.1
Fixed Cutter Bit Design (s1431)
General Considerations Body Materials Diamond Cutting Elements Bit Profiles and Hydraulic Systems Design Features Summary
Bit Hydraulics (s1432)
Basic Concepts Fixed Cutter Bits: Special Considerations Hydraulics Optimization Criteria Exercise No.1
Bit Selection Criteria (s1433)
Formation Properties Bit Specifications and Rig Capabilities
Bit Grading and Evaluation (s1434)
IADC Grading System Traditional Grading Criteria: Rolling Cutter Bits Factors Affecting Bit Wear Bit Run Economics Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Bit Operating Guidelines (s1435)
General Considerations Roller Cone Bits Fixed Cutter Bits
Bit Run Optimization (s36874)
Bit Balling Roller Cone Bit Life: Bearing , Tooth Failure Critieria Thermal and Mechanical Effects on PDC Bit Wear Rates PDC Bit Optimization in Downhole Motor Drilling

Drilling Fluids and the Circulating System (t117)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Drilling Fluids Overview (s1419)
Principal Functions of Drilling Fluids Drilling Fluid Classifications Drilling Fluid Composition Drilling Fluid Properties Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Drilling Rig Circulating System (s3817)
General Description Auxiliary Systems Mud Pumps Exercise No.1
Drilling Fluid Components and Additives (s1420)
Drilling Fluid Components Weighting Materials Viscosifiers Filtration Control Materials Rheology Control Materials Alkalinity and pH Control Materials Lost Circulation Materials Surface Active Agents Lubricating Materials Flocculating Materials Shale-Stabilizing Materials Inhibitors Polymers Inorganic Acids, Bases and Salts High-Temperature, High-Pressure (HPHT) Components and Additives Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2 Exercise No.3
Drilling Fluid Systems (s1421)
Classification of Water-Base Drilling Fluid Systems Nondispersed-Noninhibited Water-Base Systems Nondispersed-Inhibited Water-Based Systems Dispersed-Noninhibited Water-Base System Dispersed-Inhibited Water-Base Systems Oil-Base (Invert-Emulsion) Systems Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Solids Control (s1424)
Solids Control in Drilling Operations Solids Control Methods Principles of Solids Removal Exercise No.1
Clay Chemistry (s1423)
Introduction Fundamental Structure Clay Mineral Groups Clays in Drilling Fluids Summary of Physiochemical Reactions Exercise No.1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Environmental Aspects of Drilling Mud Engineering (s36785)
Environmental Issues in Drilling Operations Surface Disposal Methods Subsurface Disposal Methods
Field Tests of Drilling Fluids (s1422)
Density (Mud Weight) Funnel Viscosity Apparent Viscosity, Plastic Viscosity, Yield Point and Gel Strength API Standard Filtration Test API HP/HT Filtration Test Sand Content Oil, Water and Solids Content Methylene Blue Capacity pH Mud and Filtrate Alkalinity Excess Lime Content Chloride Content Total Hardness Resistivity Oil-Base Drilling Fluid Tests Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Mud Engineering Calculations (s36784)
Units of Measurement Capacity, Volume and Displacement Pump Output Hydrostatic Pressure Mud Formulation

Directional and Horizontal Drilling (t118)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Directional Drilling Overview (s1443)
History Applications Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2
Deviation in Vertical Wells (s1444)
Causes Control Methods Exercise No.1
Directional Drilling Tools and Techniques (s1445)
Introduction Well Trajectory Planning Downhole Mud Motors Rotary Steerable Systems Specialized Bottomhole Assemblies Deflection Tools Survey Tools Wireline Steering Systems MWD and LWD Systems EMWD Systems Well Trajectory Calculations Geologic Steering Azimuth Change Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2 Exercise No.3 Exercise No.4 Exercise No.5 Exercise No.6
Horizontal Wells (s1446)
Introduction Well Configurations Long Turn Radius Drilling Medium Turn Radius Drilling Short Turn Radius Drilling Ultra-Short Turn Radius Drilling Trajectory Planning Build Curve Design Horizontal Targeting Formation Evaluation Aspects Completion and Stimulation Aspects Artificial Lift Considerations Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2 Exercise No.3
Drilling Hydraulics in Deviated Wells (s1447)
Introduction Borehole Stability Fluid Velocity and Flow Regimes Cuttings Transport
Drill String and Bit Considerations in Deviated Wells (s3819)
Drill String Design Bit Selection Exercise No. 1
Underbalanced Drilling in Directional Wells (s36863)
Drilling Directional Wells Underbalanced

Underbalanced Drilling (t23393)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Introduction to Underbalanced Drilling (s23394)
Underbalanced Drilling Overview Underbalanced Drilling Techniques Benefits and Limitations of Underbalanced Drilling
Dry Air Drilling (s23398)
Dry Air Drilling Overview Air Drilling Equipment Dry Air Drilling Procedures and Operating Considerations Downhole Fires Reverse Circulation Drilling
Nitrogen Drilling (s23404)
Nitrogen Drilling Overview Liquid (Cryogenic) Nitrogen Supply On-Site Generated Nitrogen (Membrane Filter) Nitrogen Drilling Procedures and Operating Considerations
Natural Gas Drilling (s23409)
Natural Gas Drilling Overview
Mist Drilling (s23411)
Mist Drilling Overview
Foam Drilling (s23413)
Foam Drilling Overview Hole Cleaning Considerations Foam Drilling Equipment Composition of Injected Liquid Foam Drilling Procedures and Operating Considerations Limitations of Foam Drilling
Stiff Foam Drilling (s23420)
Stiff Foam Drilling Overview Hole Cleaning Considerations Stiff Foam Drilling Equipment Viscosifiers Stiff Foam Drilling Procedures and Operating Considerations Limitations of Stiff Foam Drilling
Gasified Liquids (s23427)
Gasified Liquid Drilling Overview Gasification Techniques Gas Supply and Compression Equipment Circulating Pressures Hole Cleaning Considerations Drill String Gasified Liquid Drilling Procedures and Operating Considerations Limitations of Gasified Liquid Drilling
Flow-Drilling (s23436)
Flow Drilling Overview Flow Drilling Surface Equipment Rotating Control Head Flow Drilling Procedures and Operating Considerations Limitations of Flow Drilling
Snub Drilling (s23441)
Snub Drilling Overview Snubbing Units
Underbalanced Drilling: General Issues (s23443)
Coiled Tubing for Underbalanced Drilling Underbalanced Directional Drilling Well Logging of Underbalanced Holes Safety in Underbalanced Drilling Underbalanced Well Classification System Selection of Candidates for UBD Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD)

Drilling Problems and Drilling Optimization (t119)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Drilling Objectives (s1437)
Overview
Pressure, Hydraulics and Hole Cleaning (s1438)
Introduction Wellbore and Formation Pressure Buoyancy Rheological Models Flow Regimes System Pressure Loss Surge and Swab Effects Hole Cleaning Contamination of Water-Based Drilling Fluids Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2 Exercise No.3 Exercise No.4 Exercise No.5 Exercise No.6
Abnormal Pressure Environments (s1439)
Occurrences Origins Prediction and Detection
Kick Detection and Control (s1440)
Introduction Precautionary Measures Surface Indications Initial Shut-in Procedures Constant Bottomhole Pressure Concept Control Methods Exercise No.1
Lost Circulation (s1441)
Occurrences and Prevention Diagnosis Remedial Measures Exercise No.1
Borehole Instability (s1442)
Shale Instability Salt Sections Hard or Abrasive Formations
Stuck Pipe (s3827)
Differential Pressure Sticking Key Seating Solids Accumulation and Mechanical Sticking Exercise No.1
Fishing Operations (s3828)
General Categories Planning and Preparation Pipe Recovery Wireline Tool Recovery and Junk Removal Auxiliary Tools Economics Exercise No.1
Hydrogen Sulfide (s3829)
Physical Properties Toxic Effects Corrosive Effects Detection Personal Protective Equipment Mud System Considerations Tubulars and B.O.P.E. Design Considerations
Drilling Optimization (s3830)
Minimum Cost Drilling Factors Affecting Penetration Rate Penetration Rate Equations and Drilling Tests Constraints on Bit Weight and Rotary Speed Bit Life Estimation Practical Guidelines Exercise No.1 Exercise No.2

Production Facilities Design

Oil Systems and Equipment (t6433)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Two Phase Separators (s12375)
Introduction Equipment Description Selection Criteria Vessel Internals Potential Operating Problems Separator Design Theory Horizontal Separator Design Horizontal Separator Design Example (SI Units) Horizontal Separator Design Example (Oilfield Units) Vertical Separator Design Vertical Separator Design Example (SI Units) Vertical Separator Design Example (Oilfield Units) Nomenclature References
Three Phase Separators (s12390)
Introduction Equipment Description Design Theory Design of Horizontal Separators Horizontal Separator Design Example (Oilfield) Horizontal Separator Design Example (SI Units) Design of Vertical Separators Vertical Separator Design Example (Oilfield Units) Vertical Separator Design Example (SI Units) Nomenclature References
Oil Treaters (s12402)
Introduction Equipment Description Treater Theory Treater Design Procedure Vertical Treater Design Example (Oilfield Units) Vertical Treater Design Example (SI Units) Nomenclature References
Desalting (s12411)
Introduction Theory Single and Two Stage Desalting Equipment Description Design Procedure Single-Stage Desalter Design Example (SI Units) Two-Stage Desalter Design Example (SI Units) Multistage Desalter Design Example (SI Units) Single-Stage Desalter Design Example (Oilfield Units) Two-Stage Desalter Design Example (Oilfield Units) Multistage Desalter Design Example (Oilfield Units) Nomenclature References
Crude Stabilization (s12425)
Introduction Theory of Crude Stabilization Equipment Description Design Procedure Multi-Stage Separation Design Example (Oilfield Units) Crude Stabilization Design Example (Oilfield Units) Multi-Stage Separation Design Example (SI Units) Crude Stabilization Design Example (SI Units) Nomenclature References

Gas Systems and Equipment (t6434)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Acid Gas Removal (s17090)
Introduction General Process Description Solid Bed Processes Process Selection Iron Sponge Design Procedure Design Examples (Oilfield Units) Design Examples (SI Units) Nomenclature
Glycol Dehydration (s17099)
Introduction Theory Hydrate Formation Dew Point Depression General Process Description Glycol Properties Equipment Description Design Procedure Unit Operating Problems and Troubleshooting Nomenclature Design Example Physical Properties of Glycol
Reciprocating Compressors (s17112)
Introduction General Considerations Performance Considerations Pulsations and Vibrations Process Piping Considerations Fundamental Design Construction Details Specifications Selecting Compressors Nomenclature Design Example (Oilfield Units) Design Example (SI Units)

Water Systems and Equipment (t6435)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Treating Oil from Produced Water (s17075)
Introduction Theory Equipment Description Design Procedure Nomenclature
Removing Solids and Dissolved Gases from Produced Water (s17081)
Introduction Theory of Solid Removal Description of Solid Removal Equipment Description of Gas Removal Equipment Design Procedure Nomenclature Design Examples: Gas Removal Design Example: Solid Removal Process

Utility Systems and Equipment (t6436)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Fuel Gas Systems (s17125)
Introduction Types of Fuel Fuel Requirements Fuel Contaminants Heating Value Fuel Gas Equipment Selection Diesel Fuel Equipment Selection Nomenclature
Fired Heaters and Hydrate Control (s17134)
Introduction Equipment Description Heater Heat Transfer Basics Hydrate Formation Hydrate Inhibition Design Procedure Nomenclature Design Example (Oilfield Units) Design Example (SI Units)
Heat Transfer Systems (s17144)
Introduction System Description Theory Design Procedure Design Example (SI Units) Design Example (Oilfield Units) Nomenclature
Waste Heat Recovery (s17152)
Introduction Waste Heat Recovery Systems Sources of Waste Heat Methods of Exhaust Heat Recovery Equipment Theory Design Procedure for an Exhaust Waste Heat Recovery System Nomenclature
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (s17162)
Introduction System Description Theory Equipment Descriptions Design Parameters Design Procedure Nomenclature Design Example (Oilfield Units) Design Example (SI Units)
Reciprocating Pumps (s17172)
Introduction General Considerations Performance Considerations Pulsations Process Piping Considerations Pump Construction Details Material Considerations Standards Selecting A Reciprocating Pump Design Example (Oilfield Units) Design Example (SI Units) Nomenclature References
Centrifugal Pumps (s17186)
Introduction General Considerations Performance Considerations Process Piping Considerations Pump Construction Details

Instrumentation (t6437)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Controllers and Control Theory (s17192)
Introduction Control Philosophy Control Theory Controller Principles and Selection Loop Configurations Controller and Loop Tuning Nomenclature
Pressure Measurement and Control (s17200)
Introduction Principles of Operation Device Selection
Temperature Measurement and Control (s17204)
Introduction Principles of Operation Device Selection Sensor Testing and Calibration
Flow Measurement and Control (s17209)
Introduction Principles of Operation Device Selection Meter Sizing Exercise No 1 Exercise No 2
Level Measurement and Control (s17216)
Introduction Principles of Operation Device Selection Device Mounting
Control Valves (s17221)
Introduction Principles of Operation Valve Selection Valve Body Actuators Installation Control Valve Sizing
Safety Shutdown Systems (s17229)
Introduction System Selection Pneumatic Systems Electrical Systems Electronic Systems Safety Analysis Concepts
Wellhead Shutdown Systems (s17236)
Introduction Shutdown Criteria Design Criteria Instrument and Logic Components Selection

Platform and Structural Design Considerations (t6438)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Offshore Facility Layout (s17241)
Introduction Items to Consider in Developing a Layout Layout Procedures
Living Quarters Layout (s17245)
Introduction Design Considerations Layout Selection List of Applicable Codes NFPA 80 (National Fire Protection Association) Guidelines for Quarters Areas Example Layouts
Facilities Piping (s17253)
Introduction Basic Flow Equations and Factors Pressure Drop in Piping Choosing A Line Diameter Determining Wall Thickness Pressure Ratings Determining Pressure Breaks Facility Piping Details Design Example (Oilfield Units) Design Example (SI Units)

Well Completion and Stimulation

Basic Completion Design and Practices (t38755)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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General Criteria for Completion Design (s38756)
Introduction to Completions Completion Team Roles and Responsibilities Design Process, Standards and Regulations HSSE and Risk Management Statement of Requirements and Basis of Design Life of Well Functional and Servicing Requirements Drilling Considerations Completion Operations Planning Cost Estimates, AFE and Other Approvals
Basic Downhole Configurations (s38768)
Open-Hole Completions Uncemented Liner Completions and Open-Hole Gravel Packs Perforated Completions Multi-Stage Fracture-Stimulated Horizontal Wells Single and Multizone Selective Completions Observation Well Completions
Lift Methods and Completion Design (s38787)
Flowing Wells, Continuous Gas Lift and Hydraulic Jet Pumping Reciprocating Rod Pumping, Progressive Cavity Pumping and Hydraulic Piston Pumping Electrical Submersible Pumping and Hydraulic Submersible Pumping Intermittent Lift Systems
Specialized Completion Designs (s38794)
High-Pressure, High-Temperature (HPHT) Completions Completions for Complex Well Trajectories Offshore Completions Completions for Cold Heavy Oil Production (CHOP) Completions for Thermal Recovery Processes Completions for Unconventional Gas Wells
Completion Productivity and Injectivity (s38808)
The Well Completion as Part of the Production System Inflow Performance Relationships (IPR) Vertical Lift Performance Integrated System Analysis Production Constraints and Optimization
Completion Planning (s38823)
Completion Planning and Project Management Contracts, Procurement and Logistics Incorporating Well Evaluation Results Programming and Supervision Workover Planning and Operations

Cementing (t37656)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Introduction to Cementing (s37657)
Overview Cementing Regulations Quantities and Units of Measurement Volume Calculations Fluid Density Subsurface Pressure Gradient Profiles
Chemistry and Classification of Oilwell Cements (s37660)
Introduction Cement Manufacture and Chemistry API Cement Types Basic Cement Slurry Formation
Additives (s37665)
Introduction Accelerators Retarders Extenders (Density-Reducing Additives) Weighting Materials (Density-Increasing Additives) Dispersants Fluid Loss Control Additives Lost Circulation Prevention Additives Strengthening Agents Antifoam Agents Special Cement Systems
Cement Testing Procedures (s37683)
Introduction API and ISO Test Standards Slurry Sample Mixing Procedures Testing Procedures
Cement Slurry Flow Properties and Mud Displacement (s37688)
Introduction Application of Rheological Models Laminar and Turbulent Flow Viscosity, Shear Stress, and Shear Rate Fluid Models Effect of Pump Rate and Equivalent Circulating Density on Displacement Mud Conditioning Washes, Preflushes, and Spacers
Cementing Equipment (s37695)
Introduction Transport and Delivery of Basic Elements: Cement, Additives, Water Surface Mixing and Pumping Equipment Subsurface Equipment: Casing Hardware
Primary Cementing (s37700)
Introduction Casing Program Overview Example Casing Program: Marcellus Shale Well Well Data Requirements for Cement Job Design Slurry Design Considerations U-Tube Effect Elements of a Successful Cement Job Single-Stage Cementing Process Multiple-Stage Cementing Liner Cementing Cementing Subsea Wells Cementing Horizontal Intervals Special Primary Cementing Methods General Operational Considerations
Squeeze Cementing (s37715)
Introduction Squeeze Cementing Definitions and Tools Squeeze Cementing Design Squeeze Cementing Procedure Squeeze Cementing Job Evaluation Squeeze Cementing Job Failures
Plug Cementing (s37722)
Introduction General Cement Plug Job Design Considerations Balanced Plug Method Dump Bailer Method Two-plug Method Plug Cement Slurry Design Testing Cement Plugs Reasons for Failure of Cement Plugs
Cement Evaluation (s37731)
Introduction Pressure or Inflow Tests Acoustic Cement Bond Logs Temperature Surveys Radioactive Tracer Surveys

Completion Equipment (t1926)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Tubulars (s1453)
API Specifications Tubing String Design Production Casing Couplings Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Packers (s1454)
Packer Functions Packer Types and Applications Tubing/Packer Forces and Movement Exercise No. 1
Artificial Lift Equipment (s1458)
Anchors Pumps
Downhole Completion Accessories (s1455)
Seating Nipples Sliding Sleeves Side Pocket Mandrels Blast Joints and Flow Couplings
Subsurface Safety Valves (SSSVs) (s1456)
Applications Flow-Controlled SSSVs Surface-Controlled SSSVs Bottomhole Chokes and Regulators
Wellhead Equipment (s1457)
Wellheads Tubing Heads and Hangers Christmas Trees Beans and Chokes

Perforating (t122)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Introduction to Perforating (s1472)
History and Background Basic Perforating Methods Fundamentals of Shaped Charge Operation Explosives Used in Perforating Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Perforating Gun Types (s1473)
Retrievable vs. Expendable Guns Casing Guns Through-Tubing Guns Casing Deformation Considerations Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Perforating and Production Performance (s1474)
API Testing Procedures Perforation Productivity Considerations Relative Importance of Perforating Parameters Perforation Cleanup Considerations Perforating for Gravel Packing Perforating for Fracturing Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4
Electric Wireline Perforating (s1475)
Equipment Pressure Control System Perforating Procedures and Depth Control Positioned or Oriented Perforating Job Planning Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5
Tubing-Conveyed Perforating (s1476)
Applications Perforating Equipment Perforating Procedures Measurement While Perforating Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2

Acidizing and Other Chemical Treatments (t123)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Introduction to Acidizing (s1478)
Background and Definitions Types of Acid Treatments
Acid Treating Solutions (s1479)
Mineral Acids Organic Acids Specialty Acids Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5 Exercise No. 6 Exercise No. 7 Exercise No. 8 Exercise No. 9 Exercise No. 10
Additives in Acidizing Fluids (s1481)
Corrosion Inhibitors Surfactants Iron Sequestering Agents Fluid Loss Control Agents Friction Reducers Clay Stabilizers Bacteria Control Agents Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5 Exercise No. 6 Exercise No. 7 Exercise No. 8 Exercise No. 9 Exercise No. 10 Exercise No. 11 Exercise No. 12 Exercise No. 13 Exercise No. 14 Exercise No. 15
Matrix Acidizing (s1482)
Introduction Surface Equipment Sandstone Matrix Treatments Carbonate Matrix Treatments Exercise No. 1
Fracture Acidizing (s1480)
General Considerations Fracture Geometry Formation Characteristics Treatment Materials and Procedures Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4
Diverting Materials in Acidizing (s1483)
Introduction Solid Diverters Gel Diverters Ball Sealers Selection of Diverters Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5
Wellbore Cleanout and Scale Removal (s1484)
Wellbore Cleanout: General Description Materials Used in Wellbore Cleanout Wellbore Cleanout Procedure Scale Problems Scale Removal Scale Prevention Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4
Paraffins and Asphaltenes (s1485)
Basic Properties Factors Affecting Deposition Removal and Control Techniques Exercise No. 1

Hydraulic Fracturing (t38524)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Hydraulic Fracturing Fundamentals (s38525)
Hydraulic Fracturing Overview Fundamental Concepts of Hydraulic Fracturing Fracture Initiation and Growth Rock Mechanical Properties and Fracturing State of the Rock Matrix Fracture Initiation, Propagation and Closure Pressures Qualitative Description of Fracture Growth Quantitative Description of Fracture Growth Fracture Treatment Data Collection and Diagnostics
Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids (s38572)
Fluid Functions and Properties Fracturing Fluid Rheology Fluid Loss Control Types of Fracturing Fluids Fracturing Fluid Additives Environmental Aspects of Fracturing Fluids
Proppants (s38581)
Proppant Functions Properties Affecting Proppant Performance Proppant Embedment and In Situ Conductivity Types of Proppants
Fracturing Equipment and Operations (s38596)
Basic Surface Equipment Layout Material Storage Surface Equipment for Hydraulic Fracturing Downhole Equipment for Hydraulic Fracturing Flowback Equipment Fracturing Equipment for Specialized Applications Hydraulic Fracturing Stages Multi-stage, Horizontal Well Treatments Hydraulic Fracturing Equipment Applications: Case Histories
Fracture Treatment Design (s38643)
Well Completion Considerations Pumping Schedules, Treating Pressures and Material Selection General Operating Considerations Fracture Calibration Treatment Main Treatment Design Special Types of Fracturing Treatments Fracture Design Optimization and Integrated Workflows Commercial Fracture Design and Evaluation Models Case History: Conventional Vertical Well, Cooper Basin, Australia Case History: Horizontal Well, Marcellus Shale, USA
Hydraulic Fracturing Treatment Evaluation (s38664)
Microseismic Fracture Mapping Well Performance Evaluation

Sand Control (t125)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Sand Production in Oil and Gas Wells (s1495)
Sand-Related Production Problems Causes of Sand Production Classification of Sands and their Failure Mechanisms Rock Mechanics Considerations Sand Failure Prediction Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Completion and Production Practices (s1496)
Completion Efficiency Rate Control and Arching Effects Selective Perforation
Liners and Screens (s1497)
Plain Slotted Liners Wire-Wrapped Screens Applications and Limitations of Plain Screens Prepacked Screens Exercise No. 1
Gravel Packing (s1498)
Overview Cased Hole (Internal) Gravel Packs Open Hole (External) Gravel Packs Well Productivity Gravel Selection, Sizing and Quality Liner/Screen Selection Downhole Tools Surface Equipment Perforation Design and Cleanup Procedures Gravel Placement Techniques (Cased Hole) Gravel Placement Techniques (Open Hole) Example: Cased Hole Gravel Pack Design Slurry Requirements Outline Procedures for Gravel Packs Fluids Used in Gravel Pack Operations Formation Damage and Fluid Filtration Multiple Zone Completions Deviated and Horizontal Wells Quality Control Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Frac-and-Pack Techniques (s1942)
Overview
Consolidation Techniques (s1940)
Chemical Consolidation Consolidated Gravel Packs
Sand Control in Wells Producing Heavy Oil (s1941)
Introduction Gravel Packing Other Control Methods

Horizontal Wells: Completion and Evaluation (t126)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Horizontal Wells in a Reservoir Management Strategy (s1500)
Introduction Reservoir Candidate Recognition Horizontal Well Deliverability Anisotropic Formations Horizontal Wells vs. Fractured Vertical Wells Multilateral Wells Formation Evaluation for Optimal Well Completions Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2
Horizontal Well Completions (s1501)
Well Curvature Completion Types Zonal Isolation Techniques Casing Design Cementing Sand Control Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Matrix Stimulation of Horizontal Wells (s1502)
Introduction Damage Characterization Fluid Placement Techniques Partial Stimulation Stimulation of Sandstone Reservoirs Stimulation of Carbonate Reservoirs Optimization of Matrix Treatments Acidizing Physics Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Hydraulic Fracturing of Horizontal Wells (s1503)
Introduction General Considerations Performance of Fractured Horizontal Wells Fracturing Pressures Fracture Design Fracture Execution and Perforating Considerations Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Multilateral, Multibranched and Multilevel Wells (s5443)
Introduction Reservoirs and Well Architecture A Production Prediction Model Reservoir Performance, Selected Configurations Partially Completed Wells Completions for Complex Well Architecture References

Reservoir Engineering

Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering (t986)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Basic Concepts in Reservoir Engineering (s778)
Engineering Objectives Data Sources Reservoir Description and Modeling Pressure and Temperature Porosity, Permeability and Fluid Saturation Fluid Flow Equations The Material Balance Equation Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5 Exercise No. 6 Exercise No. 7 Exercise No. 8 Exercise No. 9 Exercise No. 10 Exercise No. 11 Exercise No. 12 Exercise No. 13 Exercise No. 14 Exercise No. 15
Reservoir Fluid Flow and Natural Drive Mechanisms (s779)
Introduction Gas Reservoirs Condensate Reservoirs Condensate Reservoirs: Pressure Maintenance Solution Gas Drive Solution Gas Drive Reservoir Performance Solution Gas Drive and the Material Balance Eq. Gas Cap Drive Gas Cap Drive and the Material Balance Equation Water Drive Water Drive Reservoir Performance Water Drive and the Material Balance Equation Gravity Drainage Combination Drive Oil Reservoirs Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5 Exercise No. 6 Exercise No. 7 Exercise No. 8 Exercise No. 9 Exercise No. 10 Exercise No. 11 Exercise No. 12 Exercise No. 13 Exercise No. 14 Exercise No. 15 Exercise No. 16 Exercise No. 17 Exercise No. 18 Exercise No. 19 Exercise No. 20 Exercise No. 21 Exercise No. 22 Exercise No. 23 Exercise No. 24

Reservoir Environments and Characterization (t984)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Sandstone Reservoir Environments (s783)
Introduction Alluvial Fan Environments Braided Stream Environments Meandering Stream Environments Deltaic Environments Barrier Island Environments Eolian Environments Shallow Marine Shelf Environments Deep Marine Environments Pore Systems and Diagenesis Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4
Carbonate Reservoir Environments (s782)
Introduction Shelf Environments Reefs and Other Shelf Margin Environments Deep Basin Environments (Chalk) Pore Systems and Diagenesis Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4
Reservoir Characterization (s781)
Introduction Structure and Geometry Internal Architecture Tools for Studying Rock Pore Systems Petrophysical Properties: Porosity and Permeability Petrophysical Properties: Analysis Rock Typing Reservoir Zonation: the Flow Unit Concept Reservoir Zonation: Use of Field Data Case Studies in Reservoir Characterization Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5 Exercise No. 6 Exercise No. 7 Exercise No. 8

Improved Recovery Processes (t987)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Secondary Recovery: Waterflooding and Gas Injection (s784)
Introduction Wettability Capillary Pressure Capillary Pressure and Water Saturation Relative Permeability, Mobility Ratio Fractional Flow and Frontal Advance Equations Waterflood Calculations: Diffuse Flow Waterflood Calculations: Segregated Flow Waterflood Performance: Influencing Factors Waterflood Sweep Efficiencies Waterflood Prediction Methods, Stratified Media 3-D Waterflood Prediction Methods Waterflood Prediction Methods, Evaluation Waterflood Design: Reservoir Considerations Waterflood Design: Well Pattern Selection Waterflood Design: Project Timing Pilot Flooding Water Requirements Gas Injection: Introduction Gas Injection Performance Calculations Gas Injection for Pressure Maintenance Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5 Exercise No. 6 Exercise No. 7 Exercise No. 8 Exercise No. 9 Exercise No. 10
Enhanced Recovery: Miscible Flooding (s136)
Introduction Miscible Flooding with Hydrocarbon Fluids Miscible Flooding with Carbon Dioxide Equilibrium Phase Behavior Phase Equilibrium Diagrams Phase Behavior in Hydrocarbon Miscible Floods Phase Behavior in Carbon Dioxide Floods Phase Behavior and Reservoir Heterogeneity Fluid Dispersion Sweep Efficiency Irregular Well Patterns Viscous Fingering, Gravity Tonguing Reservoir Heterogeneity Effects Immiscible Flow Processes in Miscible Floods Recovery Estimates: Single Well Patterns Reservoir Simulator Applications Case Studies, Miscible Flood Projects Laboratory Testing and Flood Design Oil Recovery Calculations Phase Equilibrium Calculations Fluid Mechanics Calculations Immiscible Flood Calculations Well-Pattern Sweep Efficiency Streamline, Stream-Tube Calculations Vertical Sweep Efficiency Models Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5 Exercise No. 6 Exercise No. 7 Exercise No. 8 Exercise No. 9 Exercise No. 10 Exercise No. 11 Exercise No. 12 Exercise No. 13 Exercise No. 14 Exercise No. 15 Exercise No. 16 Exercise No. 17 Exercise No. 18 Exercise No. 19 Exercise No. 20 Exercise No. 21 Exercise No. 22 Exercise No. 23

Reservoir Modeling and Reserves Evaluation (t989)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Reservoir Simulation (s137)
Introduction Steps in a Simulation Study Rock and Fluid Properties in Simulation Reservoir Flow Geometries and Dimensions Flow Equations: Single Phase Flow Equations: Multi-Phase and Compositional Flow Equations: Boundary and Initial Conditions Analytical vs. Numerical Solution Methods Grid Systems Grid Sizing, Orientation, Refinement Time Step Selection Finite Difference Approximation of Flow Equations Solution Methods: Single Phase Flow Equations Solution Methods: Multi-Phase Flow Equations Solutions and Internal Checks: Matrix Equations Data Collection and Preparation Pseudo-Functions Computational Requirements Special Purpose Simulators History Matching, Forecasting and Updating Case Study in Reservoir Simulation Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5 Exercise No. 6 Exercise No. 7 Exercise No. 8 Exercise No. 9 Exercise No. 10 Exercise No. 11 Exercise No. 12 Exercise No. 13 Exercise No. 14 Exercise No. 15 Exercise No. 16 Exercise No. 17 Exercise No. 18 Exercise No. 19
Reserves Estimation (s138)
Introduction Uncertainties in Reserve Estimates Reserves Definitions and Classifications Estimation Methods: Overview Analogy and Statistical Methods Volumetric Estimates of Initial Oil/Gas in Place Volumetric Mapping Volumetric Recovery Estimates: Oil Reservoirs Volumetric Recovery Estimates: Condensates Volumetric Recovery Estimates: Gas Reservoirs Reservoir Heterogeneity Reserves Allocation Material Balance Methods: Introduction Material Balance Equation: Expanded Form Material Balance: Havlena-Odeh Applications Material Balance Prediction Methods Material Balance: Volumetric Gas Reservoirs Performance/Decline Trend Analysis Special Problems in Estimating Reserves Case Studies Reserves Analysis and Field Development Reserves Estimates and Improved Recovery Figures and Correlations Nomenclature References Additional Reading

Issues in Reservoir Management (t991)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Evaluation of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs (s780)
Worldwide Distribution; Major Rock Types Fracture Origins and Rock Mechanics Fracture Properties Reservoir Management Issues Data Sources: Cores and Outcrops Data Sources: Downhole Surveys Data Sources: Drilling, Well Tests, Production General Reservoir Classifications Porosity and Permeability from Core Analysis Reservoir Characterization and Modeling Calculations of Recovery, Oil-in-Place Interporosity Flow Processes; Water/Gas Coning Improved Recovery Methods Performance Prediction Case Studies Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5 Exercise No. 6 Exercise No. 7 Exercise No. 8 Exercise No. 9 Exercise No. 10 Exercise No. 11 Exercise No. 12 Exercise No. 13 Exercise No. 14 Exercise No. 15 Exercise No. 16
Reservoir Management of Mature Fields (s140)
Integrated Reservoir Management Geologic Mapping and Reservoir Simulation 3-D Seismics and Cross-Hole Tomography Data Collection Evaluation Methodology Geological Input Report Presentation Reservoir Evaluation: Case Study Waterflood Screening Reinterpretation Based on Production History Waterflood Surveillance and Monitoring Waterflood Surveillance: Case Studies Waterflood Surveillance: Emerging Trends Enhanced Oil Recovery: Screening Guidelines Enhanced Oil Recovery: Surfactant Flooding Enhanced Oil Recovery: Polymer Flooding Enhanced Oil Recovery: Alkaline Flooding Enhanced Oil Recovery: Carbon Dioxide Flooding Enhanced Oil Recovery: Thermal Processes Enhanced Oil Recovery: Project Design Nomenclature References Additional Reading Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3 Exercise No. 4 Exercise No. 5 Exercise No. 6 Exercise No. 7 Exercise No. 8 Exercise No. 9 Exercise No. 10 Exercise No. 11

Offshore Operations

Offshore Production Facilities (t36282)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Overview Of The Offshore Petroleum Industry (s36283)
Introduction Origins And Key Historical Markers Present Scope Of Offshore Activities Current Trends And Challenges Regulation Of The Offshore Industry
Primary Design Considerations For Offshore Production Facilities (s36289)
Characteristics Of The Marine Environment Principal Design Requirements The Behavior Of Floating Vessels And Structures
Development Project Drivers And Key Decision Factors (s36293)
Introduction Volume Of Exploitable Oil And Gas Reserves Quality Of Reservoir And Produced Fluids Production Rates And Depletion Schedule Schedule To First Oil. Water Depth And Environmental Regime Areal Extent Of Resources Distance To Markets And Existing Infrastructure Other Drivers And Complicating Factors
Platforms And Surface Facilities (s36303)
General Classifications of Offshore Platforms Common Platform Features And Components Fixed Bottom-founded Platforms Floating Production Units: General Description Column-stabilized Floating Production Units Ship-shaped And Barge (monohull) FPSO FPSO Operations Spar Platforms Innovations Variations And Combinations
Subsea Production Facilities (s36313)
General Considerations Subsea Wellheads And Production Trees Templates And Manifolds Subsea Separation And Pumping Systems Flowlines And Connection Systems Control Umbilicals Subsea Control Systems Field Architecture Installation And Intervention
Offshore Pipelines (s36323)
Overview Pipeline Route Selection Pipeline Installation Methods And Equipment Offshore Pipeline Connections Pipeline Repair
Offshore Production Equipment And Operations (s36329)
Introduction Ensuring Safe Operations Development Drilling Main Production And Processing Equipment Critical Operations Process Control Organization And Personnel
Decommissioning And Removal Of Offshore Facilities (s36337)
Introduction Regulatory Framework General D And R Procedures Notable Examples Of D And R

Deepwater Drilling (t36797)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Deepwater Projects And Environments (s36798)
Overview Deepwater Defined Worldwide Deepwater Activity Deepwater Environments Deepwater Rig Requirements Project Management Considerations
Deepwater Drilling Systems And Equipment (s36804)
Introduction Mobile Offshore Drilling Units Floating Production Units Principal Marine Systems Drilling Systems Riser Systems Subsea Equipment Maintenance Program
Deepwater Well Planning And Design (s36813)
General Considerations Completion And Intervention Pressure Prediction
Deepwater Well Construction (s36817)
Sequence Of Operations For A Typical Exploration Well Deepwater Completions Drilling Problems In Deepwater Wells
Advanced Solutions For Deepwater Drilling Challenges (s36821)
Introduction Managing Narrow Pressure Margins Riserless Drilling Continuous Circulation System Solid Expandable Tubulars Casing Drilling Rotary Steerable Systems Logging-while-drilling (lwd) Slim Pressurized Riser With Surface Bop Dual Activity Operations
Deepwater Case Histories (s36832)
Introduction Development Wells Depleted Sands Narrow Pressure Margins And Salt Sequences Horizontal Completions

Petroleum Economic Analysis and Fundamentals

Energy Project Economics and Risk Analysis (t37308)	TOPIC LEVEL:

Subtopic Listing:	BROWSE	LEARN	PRINT
Introduction (s37354)
Introduction Introduction
Cash Flow (s37309)
Cash Flow Video Cash Flow Fundamentals Project Cash Flow
Future and Present Value Analysis (s37315)
Future and Present Value Analysis Video Future Value Present Value Discount Factor and Cost of Equity
Present Value of a Project (s37351)
Presente Value of a Project Video Present Value of a Project Cash Flow (100% Equity)
Calculating the Internal Rate of Return of a Project (s37326)
Calculating the Internal Rate of Return of a Project Video Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
Risk Analysis (s37329)
Risk Analysis Video Incorporating Uncertainty into Project Economics Analysis Deterministic Estimates Preparing a Spider and Tornado Diagrams Monte Carlo Simulation
Impact of Debt Financing (Leverage) on Project Economics (s37333)
Impact of Debt Financing (Leverage) on Project Economics Video Introduction Impact of Debt Debt Sensitivity Analysis
Summary of Financial Results (s37343)
Summary of Financial Results Video Measures of Project Performance

Risk Analysis Applied to Petroleum Investments (t142)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Risk Analysis Fundamentals (s1510)
Risk and Uncertainty Deterministic, Scenario and Stochastic Models Models in the Oil and Gas Industry Graphical Decision-Making Tools Measures of Profitability Exercise No. 1
Probability Distributions (s1511)
Descriptive Statistics Fundamentals of Probability and Statistics Common Distribution Types Confidence Intervals and Probability Intervals Dependent Events and Conditional Probability Subjective Probability and Expert Opinion Exercise No. 1 Exercise No. 2 Exercise No. 3
Monte Carlo Simulation Models (s1512)
Introduction Sampling Random Variables Running the Simulation Recognizing Dependence Among Input Parameters Incorporating Dependency Production Forecast with Simple Economics Volumetric Models: the Lognormal Distribution Porosity and Saturation Model: Built-in Dependency
Competitive Bidding (s1513)
Introduction Lease Sales Terminology Sampling of Oil and Gas Industry Literature Monte Carlo Simulation General Readings Outside Petroleum Engineering

Formation Evaluation

Well Logging

Overview of Formation Evaluation (t38928)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Fundamentals of Formation Evaluation and the Subsurface Environment (s38929)
The Scope of Formation Evaluation Objectives of Formation Evaluation Overview of Formation Evaluation Methods Drilling Mud, Mud Cake and Mud Filtrate Invasion Core Alteration during Recovery
Fundamentals of Rock and Fluid Properties and Their Measurement by Logging Tools (s38938)
Introduction Overview of Logging While Drilling (LWD) and Wireline Logging Operations Porosity and Formation Factor Permeability and the Porosity-Permeability Relationships Formation Resistivity and Fluid Saturation Acoustic Logging and its Applications Neutron, Gamma Ray and Density Logging and their Applications
Fundamentals of Laboratory Measurements of Rock and Fluid Properties (s38949)
Introduction to Core Analysis Measuring Porosity Measuring Permeability Overview of Other Types of Routine Core Analysis Special Core Analysis (SCAL) and Specialist Studies
Fundamentals of Well Testing and Analysis (s38974)
Objectives of Well Testing Well Test Analysis: Pressure Transient Analysis in Buildup Skin Factor Integration of Well Test Analysis with other Subsurface Data

Logging Equipment and Operational Procedures (t38993)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Wireline Logging Equipment (s38994)
Wireline Logging Process Wireline Logging Setup Logging Units Wireline Logging Cable, Drum, Logging Head and Weak Point Overview of Common Wireline Logging Tools
Wireline Logging Operational Procedures (s39002)
The Wireline Logging Program Stuck Wireline Cable or Logging Tools Wireline Log Quality Control
Logging While Drilling (LWD) Equipment and Operational Procedures (s39008)
Overview of the LWD Process LWD Tool Conveyance and Operating Environment LWD Logging Tools and Overview of Applications LWD Data Recovery to the Surface LWD Quality Control and Remedial Options Comparison of LWD and Wireline Logging

Well Logging Tools and Techniques (t29948)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Magnetic Resonance Logs (s23381)
An Introduction to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Logging Principles of Operation Tool Description NMR Interpretation Job Planning and Log Quality Control NMR Applications Case Histories Glossary of Terms References Additional Reading
Spontaneous Potential Log (s29995)
Introduction Applications of the Spontaneous Potential Log Factors Affecting the SP
Gamma Ray Log (s29999)
Overview Gamma Rays and Natural Radiation Calibration of Gamma Ray Detectors and Logs
Resistivity Logs (s30003)
Introduction Tool Response Tool Spacing Conventional Electric Logs Laterolog Overview Laterolog Tools (LL3, LL7 and Dual Laterolog) Laterolog Corrections Anomalous Laterolog Behavior Introduction to Induction Tools Induction Principles Microresistivity Tools
Dielectric Logs (s30015)
Principles of Dielectric Tools
Density Logs (s30017)
Overview of Density and Photoelectric Logs Principles of Density Logging Adverse Influences and Calibration Applications
Neutron Logs (s30022)
Introduction to Neutron Logging Neutron Porosity Measurements Evolving Design of Neutron Tools
Acoustic Logs (s30026)
Overview Principles of Acoustic Logging Adverse Influences Porosity and Other Applications
Special Open Hole Tools (s35946)
Caliper Log: Description Caliper Log: Interpretation Methods Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Log Borehole Gravimeter Borehole Televiewer
Cased Hole Logs (s35947)
Pulsed Neutron Tool Pulsed Neutron Interpretation Carbon/Oxygen Log
Casing Inspection Logs (s35948)
Introduction Casing/Tubing Caliper Logs Electrical Potential Log Cement Bond Log Electromagnetic Thickness Log Borehole Televiewer
Production Logs (s35949)
Profile Logs Fluid Identification Logs Temperature Logs
Sampling and Testing (s35950)
Sidewall Coring Wireline Formation Tester

Well Log Interpretation (t26)	TOPIC LEVEL:

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Quick-Look Analysis (s160)

Background Learning Subtopics

Petroleum Geology

Introduction and Overview

Basic Skills of the Petroleum Geologist

Reservoir Geology

Sedimentology and Stratigraphy

Structure, Tectonics and Rock Deformation

Geochemistry

Petroleum Technology for the Non-Engineer

Basin and Play Analysis

Surface Tools and Methods

Petroleum Geophysics

Introductory Topics and Seismic Signals

Seismic Instruments and Field Techniques

Seismic Processing

Seismic Interpretation

3D Seismic and Time-Lapse Methods

Borehole Geophysics and Non-Seismic Methods

Petroleum Engineering

Petroleum Production Performance

Production Equipment and Operations

Drilling Engineering

Production Facilities Design

Well Completion and Stimulation

Reservoir Engineering

Offshore Operations

Petroleum Economic Analysis and Fundamentals

Other Petroleum Engineering Topics

Formation Evaluation

Well Logging